{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:17:53Z","timestamp":1788239873993,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive and heterogeneous hematological malignancy in which treatment resistance and relapse remain major causes of mortality. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to AML progression by mediating communication among leukemic blasts, leukemia stem cells, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, stromal and endothelial cells, and immune\u2010cell populations. Experimental studies indicate that AML\u2010associated EVs can remodel the bone marrow niche, suppress normal hematopoiesis, impair antileukemic immune responses, promote leukemic\u2010cell survival, and facilitate drug resistance. Their surface markers and molecular cargo, including proteins, miRNAs, mRNAs, DNA, lipids, and metabolites, have also prompted investigation into their use as liquid\u2010biopsy biomarkers. Candidate EV\u2010based markers include particle abundance, blast\u2010associated antigens, TGF\u2010\u03b21, FLT3\u2010ITD and NPM1 alterations, and several circulating miRNAs. However, most biomarker studies remain small, heterogeneous, and insufficiently compared with established measurable residual disease assays. Therapeutic strategies involving inhibition of EV release or uptake, EV\u2010based immunotherapy, and engineered EVs for drug or RNA delivery are also being explored, but current evidence is predominantly preclinical. Clinical translation is further limited by inconsistent terminology, variable isolation and characterization methods, contamination by non\u2010vesicular particles, and a lack of prospective multicenter validation. This review summarizes the biological roles, biomarker potential, therapeutic applications, and methodological challenges of EVs in AML and highlights the priorities required for their future clinical development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.70308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T04:41:08Z","timestamp":1788237668000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Extracellular Vesicle\u2010Based Approaches in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Therapeutic Potential and Translational Challenges"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Ghaleb","family":"Oriquat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University  Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaker","family":"Al\u2010Hasnaawei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy The Islamic University  Najaf Iraq"},{"name":"Department of Medical Analysis, Medical Laboratory Technique College The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah  Al Diwaniyah Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayjaa Mohaisen","family":"Mousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinal Chemistry Al\u2010Turath University  Baghdad Iraq"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Malathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences JAIN (Deemed to be University)  Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samir","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha \u2018O\u2019 Anusandhan  Bhubaneswar Odisha India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Prathiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology  Chennai Tamil Nadu India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gurjant","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, University Institute of Allied Health Sciences Chandigarh University  Mohali Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aashna","family":"Sinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Applied and Life Sciences, Division of Research and Innovation Uttaranchal University  Dehradun Uttarakhand India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rufaida","family":"Abdalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Internal Medicine The National Ribat University  Khartoum Sudan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_17_2_1","unstructured":"A.Vakiti S. B.Reynolds andP.Mewawalla \u201cAcute Myeloid Leukemia \u201dStatPearls (2024)."},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_17_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26094005","article-title":"From Chemotherapy to Targeted Therapy: Unraveling Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Through Genetic and Non\u2010Genetic Insights","volume":"26","author":"Cao S.","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/1946703","article-title":"Exploring Prognostic Biomarkers of Acute Myeloid Leukemia to Determine Its Most Effective Drugs From the FDA\u2010Approved List Through Molecular Docking and Dynamic Simulation","volume":"2023","author":"Alom M. M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-021-00730-1","article-title":"The Exosome Journey: From Biogenesis to Uptake and Intracellular Signalling","volume":"19","author":"Gurung S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Communication and Signaling"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_17_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12404","article-title":"Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (MISEV2023): From Basic to Advanced Approaches","volume":"13","author":"Welsh J. A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-021-00233-2","article-title":"Leukemia Stem Cell\u2010Bone Marrow Microenvironment Interplay in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Development","volume":"10","author":"Yao Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_17_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-01104-1","article-title":"Clinical Relevance of Extracellular Vesicles in Hematological Neoplasms: From Liquid Biopsy to Cell Biopsy","volume":"35","author":"Trino S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1186\/s40364-023-00540-2","article-title":"Extracellular Vesicle\u2010Based Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers and Their Application in Precision Immuno\u2010Oncology","volume":"11","author":"Asleh K.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomarker Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115087","article-title":"A Comprehensive Review on the Composition, Biogenesis, Purification, and Multifunctional Role of Exosome as Delivery Vehicles for Cancer Therapy","volume":"165","author":"Li J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-025-07077-y","article-title":"Extracellular Vesicles for Targeted Drug Delivery: Advances in Surface Modification Strategies and Therapeutic Applications","volume":"23","author":"Hu M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Translational Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_17_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24021337","article-title":"The Machinery of Exosomes: Biogenesis, Release, and Uptake","volume":"24","author":"Krylova S. V.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_17_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gendis.2022.03.021","article-title":"The Biogenesis and Secretion of Exosomes and Multivesicular Bodies (MVBs): Intercellular Shuttles and Implications in Human Diseases","volume":"10","author":"Xu M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Genes & Diseases"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_17_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-025-01323-5","article-title":"The Role of Exosomes in Immunopathology and Potential Therapeutic Implications","volume":"22","author":"Wang W.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-100616-060600","article-title":"Structures, Functions, and Dynamics of ESCRT\u2010III\/Vps4 Membrane Remodeling and Fission Complexes","volume":"34","author":"McCullough J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_17_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/membranes12050498","article-title":"Current Knowledge on Exosome Biogenesis, Cargo\u2010Sorting Mechanism and Therapeutic Implications","volume":"12","author":"Xie S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Membranes"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01735-1","article-title":"Extracellular Vesicles as Tools and Targets in Therapy for Diseases","volume":"9","author":"Kumar M. A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_17_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10071763","article-title":"Extracellular Vesicles Under Oxidative Stress Conditions: Biological Properties and Physiological Roles","volume":"10","author":"Chiaradia E.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_17_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15082042","article-title":"Exosome\u2010Based Drug Delivery: Translation From Bench to Clinic","volume":"15","author":"Koh H. B.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_17_20_1","first-page":"1184","article-title":"Potential Role of Exosomes in the Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Hypoxic Diseases","volume":"11","author":"Duan P.","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Translational Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2025.114243","article-title":"Harnessing Engineered Exosomes for Transformative Therapy of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disorders: Opportunities and Challenges","volume":"256","author":"Deng K.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Materials and Design"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_22_1","article-title":"Exosomes in Cancer: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications","volume":"18","author":"Maqsood Q.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1198044","article-title":"The Lipid Composition of Extracellular Vesicles: Applications in Diagnostics and Therapeutic Delivery","volume":"10","author":"Ghadami S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_17_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21207568","article-title":"Tetraspanins, More Than Markers of Extracellular Vesicles in Reproduction","volume":"21","author":"Jankovi\u010dov\u00e1 J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_17_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-024-01209-y","article-title":"Regulation of Cargo Selection in Exosome Biogenesis and Its Biomedical Applications in Cancer","volume":"56","author":"Lee Y. J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Experimental & Molecular Medicine"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_2_17_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14211651","article-title":"Extracellular Vesicles Profiling in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Lines: A Proteomic Characterization","volume":"14","author":"Dufrusine B.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_17_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3611","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-020-1239-y","article-title":"Alterations of T\u2010Cell\u2010Mediated Immunity in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"39","author":"Li Z.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113009","article-title":"Role of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)\u2010Derived Exosomes in Tumor Progression and Survival","volume":"150","author":"Amin A. H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy"},{"issue":"26","key":"e_1_2_17_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2689","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2023019961","article-title":"Escape From T\u2010Cell\u2013Targeting Immunotherapies in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"143","author":"Vadakekolathu J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2019.07.005","article-title":"Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Blast\u2010Derived Exosomes in Patient\u2010Derived Xenograft Mice Mediate Immune Suppression","volume":"76","author":"Hong C. S.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Experimental Hematology"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_17_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25084430","article-title":"Transforming the Niche: The Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Progression","volume":"25","author":"Mendes M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_17_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3321","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10123321","article-title":"Scalable Enrichment of Immunomodulatory Human Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Line\u2010Derived Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"10","author":"Binder H.\u2010M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cells"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_17_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021006195","article-title":"4\u20101BBL\u2010Containing Leukemic Extracellular Vesicles Promote Immunosuppressive Effector Regulatory T Cells","volume":"6","author":"Swatler J.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Advances"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_17_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06976-0","article-title":"Natural Killer Cells at the Frontline in the Fight Against Cancer","volume":"15","author":"Co\u00ebnon L.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death and Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1112059","article-title":"NK Cell Defects: Implication in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"14","author":"D'Silva S. Z.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14684","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14661-w","article-title":"Circulating Exosomes Carrying an Immunosuppressive Cargo Interfere With Cellular Immunotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"7","author":"Hong C.\u2010S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1265969","article-title":"Extracellular Vesicles in Hematological Malignancies: EV\u2010Dence for Reshaping the Tumoral Microenvironment","volume":"14","author":"Van Morckhoven D.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_17_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2010.039743","article-title":"Blast\u2010Derived Microvesicles in Sera From Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Suppress Natural Killer Cell Function via Membrane\u2010Associated Transforming Growth Factor\u2010beta1","volume":"96","author":"Szczepanski M. J.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"51","key":"e_1_2_17_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89256","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.19204","article-title":"A Phase I Trial of NK\u201092 Cells for Refractory Hematological Malignancies Relapsing After Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Shows Safety and Evidence of Efficacy","volume":"8","author":"Williams B. A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_17_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1002\/cbin.12225","article-title":"AML Cell\u2010Derived Exosomes Suppress the Activation and Cytotoxicity of NK Cells in AML via PD\u20101\/PD\u2010L1 Pathway","volume":"48","author":"Wang D.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Biology International"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_17_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2461","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-021-00726-4","article-title":"Dendritic Cell Migration in Inflammation and Immunity","volume":"18","author":"Liu J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Immunology"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_17_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.01.079","article-title":"Exosomes in the Serum of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Induce Dendritic Cell Tolerance: Implications for Immunotherapy","volume":"37","author":"Benites B. D.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/16078454.2026.2616554","article-title":"Leukemia\u2010Derived Exosomes Induce Immunosuppression of Dendritic Cell Function via TGFB2\u2010MRPL58 Axis","volume":"31","author":"Lv J.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1627161","article-title":"Immunosuppressive Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Target","volume":"16","author":"Liu M.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_17_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e011148","DOI":"10.1136\/jitc-2024-011148","article-title":"Engineered Red Blood Cell Extracellular Vesicles for Delivery of Dox and siIDO1 Enhance Targeted Chemo\u2010Immunotherapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"13","author":"Liu Y.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_17_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1586\/ehm.11.30","article-title":"The Bone Marrow Microenvironment and Leukemia: Biology and Therapeutic Targeting","volume":"4","author":"Sison E. A.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Review of Hematology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_17_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2017.259","article-title":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Transforms the Bone Marrow Niche Into a Leukemia\u2010Permissive Microenvironment Through Exosome Secretion","volume":"32","author":"Kumar B.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_17_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1007\/s13577-021-00501-7","article-title":"Small\u2010Sized Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) Derived From Acute Myeloid Leukemia Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Transfer miR\u201026a\u20105p to Promote Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion","volume":"34","author":"Ji D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Human Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2022.824562","article-title":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Functionally Compromise Hematopoietic Stem\/Progenitor Cells Inhibiting Normal Hematopoiesis Through the Release of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"12","author":"Trino S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1569159","article-title":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia\u2010Derived Extracellular Vesicles Induced DNA Methylation Changes Responsible for Inflammatory Program in Normal Hematopoietic Stem Progenitor Cells","volume":"16","author":"Lamorte D.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_17_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-020-01047-7","article-title":"DPP4(+) Exosomes in AML Patients' Plasma Suppress Proliferation of Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells","volume":"35","author":"Namburi S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-019-1475-7","article-title":"Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Secrete microRNA\u20104532\u2010Containing Exosomes to Mediate Normal Hematopoiesis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells by Activating the LDOC1\u2010Dependent STAT3 Signaling Pathway","volume":"10","author":"Zhao C.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s40164-021-00220-7","article-title":"Exosomes From BM\u2010MSCs Promote Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cell Proliferation, Invasion and Chemoresistance via Upregulation of S100A4","volume":"10","author":"Lyu T.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Experimental Hematology & Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2017.09.014","article-title":"Transfer of Multidrug Resistance Among Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells via Extracellular Vesicles and Their microRNA Cargo","volume":"62","author":"Bouvy C.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Leukemia Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.692654","article-title":"Inhibition of Exosome Release Sensitizes U937 Cells to PEGylated Liposomal Doxorubicin","volume":"12","author":"Hekmatirad S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI138986","article-title":"ANGPTL2\u2010Containing Small Extracellular Vesicles From Vascular Endothelial Cells Accelerate Leukemia Progression","volume":"131","author":"Huang D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_17_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics10121065","article-title":"Extracellular Vesicles in Hematological Malignancies: From Biomarkers to Therapeutic Tools","volume":"10","author":"Khalife J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"issue":"26","key":"e_1_2_17_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2021013626","article-title":"2021 Update on MRD in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Consensus Document From the European LeukemiaNet MRD Working Party","volume":"138","author":"Heuser M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_59_1","article-title":"Plasma Exosomes as Markers of Therapeutic Response in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"5","author":"Hong C. S.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_17_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-019-03608-y","article-title":"Detection of AML\u2010Specific Mutations in Pediatric Patient Plasma Using Extracellular Vesicle\u2010Derived RNA","volume":"98","author":"Kunz F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annals of Hematology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_17_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-019-03866-w","article-title":"Evaluation of dsDNA From Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Pediatric AML Diagnostics","volume":"99","author":"Kontopoulou E.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annals of Hematology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-190211","article-title":"High Serum Extracellular Vesicle miR\u201010b Expression Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"27","author":"Fang Z.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Biomarkers"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_17_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1159\/000491584","article-title":"Elevated Serum Exosomal miR\u2010125b Level as a Potential Marker for Poor Prognosis in Intermediate\u2010Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia","volume":"140","author":"Jiang L.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Haematologica"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1007\/s13402-016-0300-x","article-title":"MicroRNA\u2010155 in Serum\u2010Derived Extracellular Vesicles as a Potential Biomarker for Hematologic Malignancies \u2010 a Short Report","volume":"40","author":"Caivano A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cellular Oncology (Dordrecht)"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_17_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.7b00534","article-title":"New Technologies for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles","volume":"118","author":"Shao H.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chemical Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jev2.12400","article-title":"A beginner's Guide to Study Extracellular Vesicles in Human Blood Plasma and Serum","volume":"13","author":"Nieuwland R.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Extracellular Vesicles"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_17_67_1","article-title":"Blast\u2010Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles in the Plasma of Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Predict Responses to Chemotherapy","volume":"11","author":"Boyiadzis M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_17_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13644","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202893","article-title":"microRNA\u20101246\u2010Containing Extracellular Vesicles From Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Promote the Survival of Leukemia Stem Cells via the LRIG1\u2010Meditated STAT3 Pathway","volume":"13","author":"Chen L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging (Albany NY)"},{"issue":"444","key":"e_1_2_17_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ra88","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aaf2797","article-title":"AML Suppresses Hematopoiesis by Releasing Exosomes That Contain microRNAs Targeting c\u2010MYB","volume":"9","author":"Hornick N. I.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science Signaling"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_17_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2015.163","article-title":"Coordinate Regulation of Residual Bone Marrow Function by Paracrine Trafficking of AML Exosomes","volume":"29","author":"Huan J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_17_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1002\/hon.3111","article-title":"Using Natural Killer Cell\u2010Derived Exosomes as a Cell\u2010Free Therapy for Leukemia","volume":"41","author":"Samara A.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hematological Oncology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_17_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-024-02547-7","article-title":"Dual Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Implications for Disease Progression and Theranostic Strategies","volume":"42","author":"Lajevardi M. S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Medical Oncology"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_17_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70412","article-title":"The Role of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy: Mechanism and Therapeutic Advances","volume":"6","author":"Chen H.","year":"2025","journal-title":"MedComm (2020)"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_17_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2025031480","article-title":"2025 Update on MRD in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Consensus Document From the ELN\u2010DAVID MRD Working Party","volume":"147","author":"Cloos J.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.666829","article-title":"Taming Cell\u2010To\u2010Cell Heterogeneity in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia With Machine Learning","volume":"11","author":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Corrales Y. E.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Oncology"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_17_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.32604\/biocell.2026.076199","article-title":"Extracellular Vesicles in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Biology, Diagnostic Applications, and Therapeutic Potential","volume":"50","author":"Mir R.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biocell"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_17_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3209","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2023.284145","article-title":"Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells Promote Leukemogenesis by Transferring miR\u2010221\u20103p","volume":"109","author":"Li M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_17_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1080\/10408363.2017.1410520","article-title":"Epigenetic Biomarkers: Current Strategies and Future Challenges for Their Use in the Clinical Laboratory","volume":"54","author":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Gim\u00e9nez J. L.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_17_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.4137\/BIC.S33380","article-title":"Predicting Clinical Outcomes Using Molecular Biomarkers","volume":"8","author":"Burke H. B.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomark Cancer"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Haematology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ejh.70308","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ejh.70308","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ejh.70308","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T04:41:29Z","timestamp":1788237689000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ejh.70308"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"references-count":78,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ejh.70308"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejh.70308","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0902-4441","1600-0609"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0902-4441","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0609","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-31","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"ejh.70308"}}