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The anomalous pain and temperature sensations are due to the absence of nociceptive sensory innervation. The neurotrophin nerve growth factor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGF<\/jats:styled-content>), by binding to tropomyosin receptor A (TrkA) and p75<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTR<\/jats:styled-content> receptors, is essential for the development and survival of sensory neurons, and for pain perception during adulthood. Recently a homozygous missense mutation (R100W) in the <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGF<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> gene has been identified in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSAN<\/jats:styled-content> V patients. Interestingly, alterations in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGF<\/jats:styled-content> signalling, due to mutations in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGF <\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRKA<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> gene, have also been involved in another congenital insensitivity to pain, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSAN IV<\/jats:styled-content>, characterized not only by absence of reaction to painful stimuli, but also anhidrosis and mental retardation. These symptoms are absent in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSAN<\/jats:styled-content> V patients. Unravelling the mechanisms that underlie the differences between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSAN IV<\/jats:styled-content> and V could assist in better understanding <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NGF<\/jats:styled-content> biology. This review highlights the recent key findings in the understanding of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HSAN<\/jats:styled-content> V, including insights into the molecular mechanisms of the disease, derived from genetic studies of patients with this disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12461","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]],"date-time":"2014-02-04T15:25:29Z","timestamp":1391527529000},"page":"392-400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["From genes to pain: nerve growth factor and hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type V"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Simona","family":"Capsoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biology Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri 7, 56126 Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2008.02172.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52902-2.00050-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.05.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2660(08)01003-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(98)00713-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M710018200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"The evolution of pain","volume":"70","author":"Broom D.M.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vlaams Diergen. 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