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We investigated the causal role of beta\u2010band activity in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> motor symptoms by testing the effects of beta\u2010frequency subthalamic nucleus deep\u2010brain stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STN DBS<\/jats:styled-content>) on the blink reflex excitability, amplitude, and plasticity in normal rats. Delivering 16\u00a0Hz <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STN DBS<\/jats:styled-content> produced the same increase in blink reflex excitability and impairment in blink reflex plasticity in normal rats as occurs in rats with 6\u2010hydroxydopamine lesions and patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>. These deficits were not an artifact of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STN DBS<\/jats:styled-content> because, when these normal rats received 130\u00a0Hz <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STN DBS<\/jats:styled-content>, their blink characteristics were the same as without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STN DBS<\/jats:styled-content>. To demonstrate that the blink reflex disturbances with 16\u00a0Hz <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STN DBS<\/jats:styled-content> were frequency specific, we tested the same rats with 7\u00a0Hz <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STN DBS<\/jats:styled-content>, a theta\u2010band frequency typical of dystonia. In contrast to beta stimulation, 7\u00a0Hz <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STN DBS<\/jats:styled-content> exaggerated the blink reflex plasticity as occurs in focal dystonia. Thus, without destroying dopamine neurons or blocking dopamine receptors, frequency\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STN DBS<\/jats:styled-content> can be used to create <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010like or dystonic\u2010like symptoms in a normal rat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,21]],"date-time":"2014-08-21T12:15:55Z","timestamp":1408623355000},"page":"3237-3242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Frequency matters: beta\u2010band subthalamic nucleus deep\u2010brain stimulation induces <scp>P<\/scp>arkinsonian\u2010like blink abnormalities in normal rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Jaime","family":"Kaminer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Integrative Neuroscience Department of Psychology Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pratibha","family":"Thakur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology &amp; Behavior Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794\u20105230 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"Evinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology &amp; Behavior Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794\u20105230 USA"},{"name":"SUNY Eye Institute Syracuse NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870020401"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-22-07318.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00230472"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.16-22-07308.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21138"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/108.3.593"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14734220410018120"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-03-01033.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2006.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.01.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2007.07.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1152-07.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00103.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2007.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00229039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00229040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-11-04639.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1544"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000246112.19504.61"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/96.1.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20930"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2005.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.04717.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2008.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05777.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.11.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"RC151","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-12-j0002.2001","article-title":"Long\u2010term potentiation of the human blink reflex","volume":"21","author":"Mao J.B.","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. 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