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Using wireless multi\u2010electrode recording and motion tracking, we examined the relationship between single\u2010unit activity in the sensorimotor striatum and movement kinematics. We recorded single\u2010unit activity from medium spiny projection neurons and fast\u2010spiking interneurons while monitoring the movements of mice using motion tracking. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>xperiment 1, we trained mice to generate movements reliably by water\u2010depriving them and giving them periodic cued sucrose rewards. We found high correlations between single\u2010unit activity and movement velocity in particular directions. This correlation was found in both putative medium spiny projection neurons and fast\u2010spiking interneurons. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>xperiment 2, to rule out the possibility that the observed correlations were due to reward expectancy, we repeated the same procedure but added trials in which sucrose delivery was replaced by an aversive air puff stimulus. The air puff generated avoidance movements that were clearly different from movements on rewarded trials, but the same neurons that showed velocity correlation on reward trials exhibited a similar correlation on air puff trials. These experiments show for the first time that the firing rate of striatal neurons reflects movement velocity for different types of movements, whether to seek rewards or to avoid harm.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12722","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,11]],"date-time":"2014-09-11T05:55:29Z","timestamp":1410414929000},"page":"3481-3490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Striatal firing rate reflects head movement velocity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Namsoo","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University Box 91050 Durham NC 27708 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph W.","family":"Barter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University Box 91050 Durham NC 27708 USA"},{"name":"Center 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