{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T06:50:25Z","timestamp":1790232625067,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]],"date-time":"2015-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Ministry for Research and Education","award":["031PT605E"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["031PT605E"]}]},{"name":"Mexican National Council for Science and Technology","award":["214254\/30943"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["214254\/30943"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J of Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The posterior parietal cortex is part of the cortical network involved in motor learning and is structurally and functionally connected with the primary motor cortex (M1). Neuroplastic alterations of neuronal connectivity might be an important basis for learning processes. These have however not been explored for parieto\u2010motor connections in humans by transcranial direct current stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tDCS<\/jats:styled-content>). Exploring <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> effects on parieto\u2010motor cortical connectivity might be functionally relevant, because <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> has been shown to improve motor learning. We aimed to explore plastic alterations of parieto\u2010motor cortical connections by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> in healthy humans. We measured neuroplastic changes of corticospinal excitability via motor evoked potentials (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>) elicited by single\u2010pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content>) before and after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tDCS<\/jats:styled-content> over the left posterior parietal cortex (P3), and 3\u00a0cm posterior or lateral to P3, to explore the spatial specificity of the effects. Furthermore, short\u2010interval intracortical inhibition\/intracortical facilitation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SICI<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICF<\/jats:styled-content>) over M1, and parieto\u2010motor cortical connectivity were obtained before and after P3 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tDCS<\/jats:styled-content>. The results show polarity\u2010dependent M1 excitability alterations primarily after P3 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tDCS<\/jats:styled-content>. Single\u2010pulse <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010elicited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>s, M1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SICI<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICF<\/jats:styled-content> at 5 and 7\u00a0ms and 10 and 15\u00a0ms interstimulus intervals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISI<\/jats:styled-content>s), and parieto\u2010motor connectivity at 10 and 15\u00a0ms <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISI<\/jats:styled-content>s were all enhanced by anodal stimulation. Single pulse\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010elicited <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>s, and parieto\u2010motor connectivity at 10 and 15\u00a0ms <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ISI<\/jats:styled-content>s were reduced by cathodal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">tDCS<\/jats:styled-content>. The respective corticospinal excitability alterations lasted for at least 120\u00a0min after stimulation. These results show an effect of remote stimulation of parietal areas on M1 excitability. The spatial specificity of the effects and the impact on parietal cortex\u2013motor cortex connections suggest a relevant connectivity\u2010driven effect.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]],"date-time":"2015-02-03T12:25:08Z","timestamp":1422966308000},"page":"845-855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Parietal transcranial direct current stimulation modulates primary motor cortex excitability"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Guadalupe Nathzidy","family":"Rivera\u2010Urbina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Georg\u2010August\u2010University G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"},{"name":"University Pablo de Olavide Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1 Sevilla 41013 Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgi","family":"Batsikadze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Georg\u2010August\u2010University G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Molero\u2010Chamizo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Georg\u2010August\u2010University G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"},{"name":"University of Huelva Huelva Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Paulus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Georg\u2010August\u2010University G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min\u2010Fang","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Georg\u2010August\u2010University G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Nitsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurophysiology Georg\u2010August\u2010University G\u00f6ttingen G\u00f6ttingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03367.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06090.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(03)00063-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.01.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22165"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/8\/6\/066017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00237982"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.1995.7.4.497"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9420","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-22-09420.1998","article-title":"Abstract and effector\u2010specific representations of motor sequences identified with PET","volume":"18","author":"Grafton S.T.","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. 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