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Here we examined whether the maturation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic transmission in other layers of visual cortex also requires endocannabinoids. The developmental plasticity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic neurotransmission onto the principal neurons in different layers of mouse visual cortex was examined in cortical slices by whole\u2010cell recordings of inhibitory postsynaptic currents evoked by presynaptic inhibitory inputs. Theta burst stimulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic inputs induced an endocannabinoid\u2010mediated long\u2010term depression of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic neurotransmission onto pyramidal cells in layer 2\/3 from postnatal day (P)10 to 30 and in layer 5 from P10 to 40, whereas that of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic inputs did not induce <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iLTD<\/jats:styled-content> onto star pyramidal neurons in layer 4 at any time postnatally, indicating that this plasticity is laminar\u2010specific. The developmental loss of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iLTD<\/jats:styled-content> paralleled the maturation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic inhibition in both layer 2\/3 and layer 5. Visual deprivation delayed the developmental loss of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iLTD<\/jats:styled-content> in layers 3 and 5 during a critical period, while 2\u00a0days of light exposure eliminated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iLTD<\/jats:styled-content> in both layers. Furthermore, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic synapses in layers 2\/3 and 5 did not normally mature in the type 1 cannabinoid receptor knock\u2010out mice, whereas those in layer 4 did not require endocannabinoid receptor for maturation. These results suggest that visually induced endocannabinoid\u2010dependent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">iLTD<\/jats:styled-content> mediates the maturation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic release in extragranular layer rather than in granular layer of mouse visual cortex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,22]],"date-time":"2015-05-22T07:01:54Z","timestamp":1432278114000},"page":"1952-1965","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Layer\u2010specific endocannabinoid\u2010mediated long\u2010term depression of <scp>GABA<\/scp>ergic neurotransmission onto principal neurons in mouse visual cortex"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Wenjuan","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Department of Physiology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010Sen University 74, Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laijian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Department of Physiology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010Sen University 74, Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Department of Physiology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010Sen University 74, Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxiu","family":"Tie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Department of Physiology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010Sen University 74, Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center Department of Physiology Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010Sen University 74, Zhongshan Road 2 Guangzhou 510080 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