{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T07:33:27Z","timestamp":1777620807829,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,8]],"date-time":"2015-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J of Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In healthy subjects (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>), transcranial magnetic stimulation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content>) applied during \u2018linguistic\u2019 tasks discloses excitability changes in the dominant hemisphere primary motor cortex (M1). We investigated \u2018linguistic\u2019 task\u2010related cortical excitability modulation in patients with adductor\u2010type spasmodic dysphonia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>), a speech\u2010related focal dystonia. We studied 10 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content> patients and 10 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>. Speech examination included voice cepstral analysis. We investigated the dominant\/non\u2010dominant M1 excitability at baseline, during \u2018linguistic\u2019 (reading aloud\/silent reading\/producing simple phonation) and \u2018non\u2010linguistic\u2019 tasks (looking at non\u2010letter strings\/producing oral movements). Motor evoked potentials (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>s) were recorded from the contralateral hand muscles. We measured the cortical silent period (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSP<\/jats:styled-content>) length and tested <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>s in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content> and patients performing the \u2018linguistic\u2019 tasks with different voice intensities. We also examined <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>s in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content> during hand\u2010related \u2018action\u2010verb\u2019 observation. Patients were studied under and not\u2010under botulinum neurotoxin\u2010type A (Bo<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A). In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> TMS<\/jats:styled-content> over the dominant M1 elicited larger <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>s during \u2018reading aloud\u2019 than during the other \u2018linguistic\u2019\/\u2018non\u2010linguistic\u2019 tasks. Conversely, in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> TMS<\/jats:styled-content> over the dominant M1 elicited increased\u2010amplitude <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>s during \u2018reading aloud\u2019 and \u2018syllabic phonation\u2019 tasks. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSP<\/jats:styled-content> length was shorter in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content> than in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content> and remained unchanged in both groups performing \u2018linguistic\u2019\/\u2018non\u2010linguistic\u2019 tasks. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>, \u2018linguistic\u2019 task\u2010related excitability changes were present regardless of the different voice intensities. During hand\u2010related \u2018action\u2010verb\u2019 observation, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEP<\/jats:styled-content>s decreased in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HS<\/jats:styled-content>, whereas in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content> they increased. In <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>, Bo<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A improved speech, as demonstrated by cepstral analysis and restored the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content> abnormalities. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content> reflects dominant hemisphere excitability changes related to \u2018linguistic\u2019 tasks; Bo<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A returns these excitability changes to normal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,10]],"date-time":"2015-06-10T13:07:43Z","timestamp":1433941663000},"page":"2051-2060","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Abnormal motor cortex excitability during linguistic tasks in adductor\u2010type spasmodic dysphonia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Suppa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuromed Institute Pozzilli IS Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Marsili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Psychiatry Sapienza University of Rome Viale dell'Universit\u00e0 30 00185 Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Giovannelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neurology Florence Health Authority Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Di Stasio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Psychiatry Sapienza University of Rome Viale dell'Universit\u00e0 30 00185 Rome 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