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Vasopressin is a potent vasoconstrictor, but vasopressin levels are paradoxically elevated in some patients with established hypertension. To determine whether vasopressin neurons are excited in hypertension, extracellular single\u2010unit recordings of vasopressin neurons from urethane\u2010anaesthetized Cyp1a1\u2010Ren2 rats with inducible angiotensin\u2010dependent hypertension were made. The basal firing rate of vasopressin neurons was higher in hypertensive Cyp1a1\u2010Ren2 rats than in non\u2010hypertensive Cyp1a1\u2010Ren2 rats. The increase in firing rate was specific to vasopressin neurons because oxytocin neuron firing rate\u00a0was unaffected by the induction of hypertension. Intravenous injection of the \u03b1<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010adrenoreceptor agonist, phenylephrine (2.5\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg), transiently increased mean arterial blood pressure to cause a baroreflex\u2010induced inhibition of heart rate and vasopressin neuron firing rate (by 52\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09%) in non\u2010hypertensive rats. By contrast, intravenous phenylephrine did not inhibit vasopressin neurons in hypertensive rats, despite a similar increase in mean arterial blood pressure and inhibition of heart rate. Circulating angiotensin II can excite vasopressin neurons via activation of afferent inputs from the subfornical organ. However, the increase in vasopressin neuron firing rate and the loss of inhibition by intravenous phenylephrine were not blocked by intra\u2010subfornical organ infusion of the angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist, losartan. It can be concluded that increased vasopressin neuron activity at the onset of hypertension is driven, at least in part, by reduced baroreflex inhibition of vasopressin neurons and that this might exacerbate the increase in blood pressure at the onset of hypertension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,5]],"date-time":"2015-09-05T15:44:39Z","timestamp":1441467879000},"page":"2690-2698","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Induction of hypertension blunts baroreflex inhibition of\u00a0vasopressin neurons in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Su Young","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroendocrinology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Physiology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory T.","family":"Bouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroendocrinology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Physiology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander J.","family":"Seymour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroendocrinology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Physiology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron K.","family":"Korpal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroendocrinology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Physiology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daryl O.","family":"Schwenke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2305-846X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin H.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Neuroendocrinology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Physiology University of Otago Dunedin 9054 New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)03093-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199715050-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.139.1.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000123248"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021727"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-22-09480.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)00419-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12051"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118606803.ch3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2003.03005.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.668863"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.23.6.737"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.12.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.3.3_Pt_2.I93"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"H361","article-title":"Vasopressin in the rat with spontaneous hypertension","volume":"235","author":"Crofton J.T.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am. 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