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The aim of this study was to examine the effect of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GJ<\/jats:styled-content>s modulation on the production of posterior hypothalamic theta. Specifically, we were interested in evaluating whether<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBX<\/jats:styled-content>could attenuate the theta rhythm recorded from the supramammillary nucleus and posterior hypothalamic nuclei, in both<jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>preparations. The data we obtained from<jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>preparations demonstrated that the administration of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBX<\/jats:styled-content>did not suppress cholinergically induced theta in posterior hypothalamic area (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PH<\/jats:styled-content>a) slices nor the theta rhythm observed in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PH<\/jats:styled-content>a of urethane anaesthetized rats. Moreover, the application of trimethylamine, while very effective in the enhancement of hippocampal theta rhythm, did not produce any changes in theta oscillations observed in either<jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic>or<jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>posterior hypothalamic area preparations. These data show that electrical coupling via<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GJ<\/jats:styled-content>s is not involved in theta rhythm generation in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PH<\/jats:styled-content>a. Surprisingly, we observed a significant enhancement of theta activity in response to the carbenoxolone administration in both<jats:italic>in\u00a0vitro<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PH<\/jats:styled-content>a preparations. The theta rhythm enhancement detected in those experiments was attenuated by the application of spironolactone (mineralocorticoid receptors antagonist). We suggest that the observed excitatory effects of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CBX<\/jats:styled-content>on posterior hypothalamic oscillatory activity in the theta band could be mediated by mineralocorticoid receptors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13338","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,16]],"date-time":"2016-07-16T07:02:55Z","timestamp":1468652575000},"page":"2324-2333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Is electrical coupling involved in the generation of posterior hypothalamic theta rhythm?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Renata","family":"Bocian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection University of Lodz Pomorska Str. 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