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While the acuity of automatic, sub\u2010second timing as well as cognitively controlled, <jats:italic>supra<\/jats:italic>\u2010second timing declines with ageing, musical experts are less affected. This study investigated the influence of piano training on temporal processing abilities in older adults using behavioural and neuronal correlates. We hypothesized that neuroplastic changes in beta networks, caused by training in sensorimotor coordination with timing processing, can be assessed even in the absence of movement. Behavioural performance of internal timing stability was assessed with synchronization\u2013continuation finger\u2010tapping paradigms. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) was recorded from older adults before and after one month of one\u2010on\u2010one training. For neural measures of automatic timing processing, we focused on beta oscillations (13\u201330\u00a0Hz) during passive listening to metronome beats. Periodic beta\u2010band modulations in older adults before training were similar to previous findings in young listeners at a beat interval of 800\u00a0ms. After training, behavioural performance for continuation tapping was improved and accompanied by an increased range of beat\u2010induced beta modulation, compared to participants who did not receive training. Beta changes were observed in the caudate, auditory, sensorimotor and premotor cortices, parietal lobe, cerebellum and medial prefrontal cortex, suggesting that increased resources are involved in timing processing and goal\u2010oriented monitoring as well as reward\u2010based sensorimotor learning.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,9]],"date-time":"2017-09-09T09:42:42Z","timestamp":1504950162000},"page":"2339-2354","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Beta\u2010band oscillations during passive listening to metronome sounds reflect improved timing representation after short\u2010term musical training in healthy older adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2421-9106","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takako","family":"Fujioka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics Department of Music Stanford University 660 Lomita Ct. Stanford CA 94305 USA"},{"name":"Stanford Neurosciences Institute Stanford University Stanford CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7290-631X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bernhard","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rotman Research Institute Baycrest Centre Toronto ON Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto Toronto ON 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