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Research has reported that individuals with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content> show abnormalities in the brain regions associated with the processing of social information. Importantly, a recent study using functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">fNIRS<\/jats:styled-content>) found the first evidence of atypicalities in the neural processing of social information in 4\u2010 to 6\u2010month\u2010old infants at high familial risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>. These findings provide an important step in the search for early markers of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content> and highlight the potential for neuroimaging techniques to detect atypical patterns of neural activity prior to the manifestation of most behavioural symptoms. This study aimed to extend the findings of reduced neural sensitivity to social stimuli in an independent cohort. Twenty\u2010nine 5\u2010month\u2010old infants (13 low\u2010risk infants, 16 high\u2010risk infants) were presented with social and non\u2010social visual stimuli, similar to the previous experiment. Importantly, a non\u2010social dynamic motion control condition was introduced allowing the comparison between social dynamic and non\u2010social, static, as well as dynamic stimuli. We found that while low\u2010risk infants showed activation to social stimuli in the right posterior temporal cortex, this activation was reduced in infants at high risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content>. Although the current sample size was relatively small, our results replicate and extend previous work and provide evidence for a social processing difference in infants at risk of autism. Future research will determine whether these differences relate to an eventual <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASD<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis or may rather reflect the broader autism phenotype.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,23]],"date-time":"2017-10-23T08:24:44Z","timestamp":1508747084000},"page":"720-728","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Diminished socially selective neural processing in 5\u2010month\u2010old infants at high familial risk of autism"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6383-7148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricarda","family":"Braukmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cognitive Neuroscience Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen The Netherlands"},{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboud University Nijmegen P.O. 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