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Even small differences in the rate of drug delivery can influence outcome. Infusing cocaine intravenously over 5 vs. 90\u2013100\u00a0s promotes sensitization to the psychomotor and incentive motivational effects of the drug and preferentially recruits mesocorticolimbic regions. It remains unclear whether these effects are due to differences in how fast and\/or how much drug reaches the brain. Here, we predicted that varying the rate of intravenous cocaine infusion between 5 and 90\u00a0s produces different rates of rise of brain drug concentrations, while producing similar peak concentrations. Freely moving male Wistar rats received acute intravenous cocaine infusions (2.0\u00a0mg\/kg\/infusion) over 5, 45 and 90\u00a0s. We measured cocaine concentrations in the dorsal striatum using rapid\u2010sampling microdialysis (1\u00a0sample\/min) and high\u2010performance liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry. We also measured extracellular concentrations of dopamine and other neurochemicals. Regardless of infusion rate, acute cocaine did not change concentrations of non\u2010dopaminergic neurochemicals. Infusion rate did not significantly influence peak concentrations of cocaine or dopamine, but concentrations increased faster following 5\u2010s infusions. We also assessed psychomotor activity as a function of cocaine infusion rate. Infusion rate did not significantly influence total locomotion, but locomotion increased earlier following 5\u2010s infusions. Thus, small differences in the rate of cocaine delivery influence both the rate of rise of drug and dopamine concentrations, and psychomotor activity. A faster rate of rise of drug and dopamine concentrations might be an important issue in making rapidly delivered cocaine more addictive.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13941","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,14]],"date-time":"2018-05-14T12:35:00Z","timestamp":1526301300000},"page":"2054-2064","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Varying the rate of intravenous cocaine infusion influences the temporal dynamics of both drug and dopamine concentrations in the striatum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Ellie\u2010Anna","family":"Minogianis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre\u2010ville Montreal QC H3C 3J7 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Waqqas M.","family":"Shams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology (CSBN) Concordia University Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar S.","family":"Mabrouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny\u2010Marie T.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne G.","family":"Brake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology (CSBN) Concordia University Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert T.","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"du Souich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre\u2010ville Montreal QC H3C 3J7 Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5546-1910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne\u2010No\u00ebl","family":"Samaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre\u2010ville Montreal QC H3C 3J7 Canada"},{"name":"Groupe de recherche sur le syst\u00e8me nerveux central Faculty of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al Montreal QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130000624"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2015.06.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2017.01.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1901\/jeab.1973.20-119"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1992.tb09067.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-010-1809-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-014-3576-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03305.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.6b00304"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-005-2244-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/js9900295"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050956"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/js960247n"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(94)90463-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1579"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2008.02.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"570","article-title":"Injection duration of cocaine in humans","volume":"43","author":"Fischman M.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Fed. 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