{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T03:29:09Z","timestamp":1772767749250,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,21]],"date-time":"2018-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J of Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The thalamic reticular nucleus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRN<\/jats:styled-content>), a shell\u2010like structure comprised of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>ergic neurons, gates signal transmission between thalamus and cortex. While <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRN<\/jats:styled-content> is innervated by axon collaterals of thalamocortical and corticothalamic neurons, other ascending projections modulate activity during different behavioral states such as attention, arousal, and sleep\u2010wake cycles. One of the largest arise from cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain and brainstem. Despite its integral role, little is known about how or when cholinergic innervation and synapse formation occurs. We utilized genetically modified mice, which selectively express fluorescent protein and\/or channelrhodopsin\u20102 in cholinergic neurons, to visualize and stimulate cholinergic afferents in the developing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRN<\/jats:styled-content>. Cholinergic innervation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRN<\/jats:styled-content> follows a ventral\u2010to\u2010dorsal progression, with nonvisual sensory sectors receiving input during week 1, and the visual sector during week 2. By week 3, the density of cholinergic fibers increases throughout <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRN<\/jats:styled-content> and forms a reticular profile. Functional patterns of connectivity between cholinergic fibers and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRN<\/jats:styled-content> neurons progress in a similar manner, with weak excitatory nicotinic responses appearing in nonvisual sectors near the end of week 1. By week 2, excitatory responses become more prevalent and arise in the visual sector. Between weeks 3\u20134, inhibitory muscarinic responses emerge, and responses become biphasic, exhibiting a fast excitatory, and a long\u2010lasting inhibitory component. Overall, the development of cholinergic projections in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TRN<\/jats:styled-content> follows a similar plan as the rest of sensory thalamus, with innervation of nonvisual structures preceding visual ones, and well after the establishment of circuits conveying sensory information from the periphery to the cortex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,15]],"date-time":"2018-05-15T06:05:07Z","timestamp":1526364307000},"page":"978-989","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Postnatal development of cholinergic input to the thalamic reticular nucleus of the mouse"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Guela","family":"Sokhadze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville KY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter W.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville KY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9028-1015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William","family":"Guido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville KY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1472928807000167"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","volume-title":"Neocortical Development","author":"Bayer S.A.","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Thalamic circuit mechanisms link sensory processing in sleep and attention","volume":"9","author":"Chen Z.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Neural. Circuit."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2014.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.05.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1996.tb01222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1991.tb00044.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1992.tb00160.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1992.tb00159.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-19-08754.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.14.4586"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(85)90066-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.03.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2010.202499"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2343-14.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523807070770"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2005.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10738"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(97)01157-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2016.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902620109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2014.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903100310"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10219"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(89)90026-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2006.05258.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523805225154"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901620302"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","volume-title":"The Thalamus","author":"Jones E.G.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)90115-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.420020407"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045717"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2006.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12545"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.06.089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1405-16.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-03-01002.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3358-03.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2467"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/smrv.2002.0243"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903380407"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(95)93935-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/13.6.661"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90681-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.10382"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01217752"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(94)90054-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","volume-title":"The mouse brain in stereotaxic coordinates","author":"Paxinos G.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2004.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199212000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2321-14.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903460106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5271-12.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1903-16.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(03)45013-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(87)90408-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3177-12.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15398"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(86)90134-6"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fejn.13942","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ejn.13942","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ejn.13942","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ejn.13942","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T17:26:46Z","timestamp":1694366806000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ejn.13942"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,21]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ejn.13942"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejn.13942","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0953-816X","1460-9568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-816X","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-9568","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-02-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-04-02","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-07-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}