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Methylation of the <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> gene in brain and blood has been associated with DAT expression in rodents' brains. Here we tested the association between methylation of the <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> promoter derived from blood and DAT availability in the striatum of unmedicated ADHD adult participants and in that of healthy age\u2010matched controls (HC) using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and [<jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C]cocaine. Results showed no between\u2010group differences in <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> promoter methylation or striatal DAT availability. However, the degree of methylation in the promoter region of <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> correlated negatively with DAT availability in caudate in ADHD participants only. DAT availability in VS correlated with inattention scores in ADHD participants. We verified in a postmortem cohort with ADHD diagnosis and without, that <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> promoter methylation in peripheral blood correlated positively with <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> promoter methylation extracted from substantia nigra (SN) in both groups. In the cohort without ADHD diagnosis, <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> gene expression in SN further correlated positively with DAT protein expression in caudate; however, the sample size of the cohort with ADHD was insufficient to investigate <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> and DAT expression levels. Overall, these findings suggest that peripheral <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> promoter methylation may be predictive of striatal DAT availability in adults with ADHD. Due to the small sample size, more work is needed to validate whether <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> methylation in blood predicts <jats:italic>DAT1<\/jats:italic> methylation in SN in ADHD and controls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T07:14:59Z","timestamp":1532330099000},"page":"1884-1895","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Methylation of the dopamine transporter gene in blood is associated with striatal dopamine transporter availability in ADHD: A preliminary study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2934-8794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinde E.","family":"Wiers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health  Bethesda 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