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This behavioural change appears superficially similar to the iatrogenic gambling disorder (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GD<\/jats:styled-content>) observed in a sub\u2010set of patients with Parkinson's disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>), and has been associated with increased activation of the intra\u2010cellular signalling proteins<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSK<\/jats:styled-content>3\u03b2 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CREB<\/jats:styled-content>in the striatum. Here, we wanted to determine whether this response to ropinirole could be attenuated by targeting these signalling proteins, and if the loss of dopaminergic innervation characteristic of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>would alter ropinirole's effects on the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rSMT<\/jats:styled-content>. Male Long Evans rats were trained on the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rSMT<\/jats:styled-content>. Dopaminergic terminals innervating the dorsolateral striatum were then lesioned bilaterally using the neurotoxin 6\u2010hydroxydopamine hydrochloride (6\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OHDA<\/jats:styled-content>). Subsequently animals were implanted with osmotic mini\u2010pumps delivering ropinirole. Lastly, animals were given dietary lithium (Li<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>), to inhibit the activation of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSK<\/jats:styled-content>3\u03b2, or injections of the \u00df\u2010adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol, which potently inhibits<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CREB<\/jats:styled-content>as a secondary mechanism of action, and any changes in ropinirole\u2010induced increases in compulsive\u2010like engagement in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rSMT<\/jats:styled-content>evaluated. Chronic ropinirole increased the number of trials animals completed, reproducing our original finding. This increase in task engagement was not altered in animals with 6\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OHDA<\/jats:styled-content>lesions, a putative model of early<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>. In addition, the effects of ropinirole were not attenuated by administration of Li<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, but were ameliorated by propranolol. These data suggest that propranolol may represent a potential pharmacotherapy for the treatment of iatrogenic gambling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.14070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,19]],"date-time":"2018-07-19T03:03:25Z","timestamp":1531969405000},"page":"2401-2414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The \u03b2\u2010adrenoceptor blocker propranolol ameliorates compulsive\u2010like gambling behaviour in a rodent slot machine task: implications for iatrogenic gambling disorder"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2957-2884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P. J.","family":"Cocker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. 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