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In the context of learning and memory, these neurons are referred to as engram neurons. Here, we describe and characterize a novel mouse line, Egr1\u2010CreER\n                    <jats:sup>T2<\/jats:sup>\n                    , which carries a transgene in which the promoter of the immediate early gene\n                    <jats:italic>Egr1<\/jats:italic>\n                    drives the expression of the CreER\n                    <jats:sup>T2<\/jats:sup>\n                    recombinase that is only active in the presence of tamoxifen metabolite, 4\u2010hydroxy\u2010tamoxifen (4\u2010OHT). Egr1\u2010CreER\n                    <jats:sup>T2<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice were crossed with various reporter mice, Cre\u2010dependently expressing a fluorescent protein. Without tamoxifen or 4\u2010OHT, no or few tagged neurons were observed. Epileptic seizures induced by pilocarpine or pentylenetetrazol in the presence of tamoxifen or 4\u2010OHT elicited the persistent tagging of many neurons and some astrocytes in the dentate gyrus of hippocampus, where\n                    <jats:italic>Egr1<\/jats:italic>\n                    is transiently induced by seizures. One week after cocaine and 4\u2010OHT administration, these mice displayed a higher number of tagged neurons in the dorsal striatum than saline\/4\u2010OHT controls, with differences between reporter lines. Cocaine\u2010induced tagging required ERK activation and tagged neurons were more likely than others to exhibit ERK phosphorylation or\n                    <jats:italic>Fos<\/jats:italic>\n                    induction after a second injection. Interestingly neurons tagged in saline\u2010treated mice also had an increased propensity to express Fos, suggesting the existence of highly responsive striatal neurons susceptible to be re\u2010activated by cocaine repeated administration, which may contribute to the behavioral adaptations. Our report validates a novel transgenic mouse model for permanently tagging activated neurons and studying long\u2010term alterations of\n                    <jats:italic>Egr1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010expressing cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T23:36:05Z","timestamp":1606174565000},"page":"1450-1472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Long\u2010lasting tagging of neurons activated by seizures or cocaine administration in Egr1\u2010CreER\n                    <sup>T2<\/sup>\n                    transgenic mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Sophie","family":"Longueville","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR\u2010S 1270 Paris France"},{"name":"Sciences and Engineering Faculty Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Institut du Fer \u00e0 Moulin Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7730-0090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR\u2010S 1270 Paris France"},{"name":"Sciences and Engineering Faculty Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Institut du Fer \u00e0 Moulin Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3009-3821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen","family":"Brami\u2010Cherrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR\u2010S 1270 Paris France"},{"name":"Sciences and Engineering Faculty Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Institut du Fer \u00e0 Moulin Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Coura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR\u2010S 1270 Paris France"},{"name":"Sciences and Engineering Faculty Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Institut du Fer \u00e0 Moulin Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1376-1522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Herv\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR\u2010S 1270 Paris France"},{"name":"Sciences and Engineering Faculty Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Institut du Fer \u00e0 Moulin Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7900-1705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean\u2010Antoine","family":"Girault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR\u2010S 1270 Paris France"},{"name":"Sciences and Engineering Faculty Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Paris France"},{"name":"Institut du Fer \u00e0 Moulin Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan6747"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0186(96)00136-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1039-08.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"496","article-title":"Activation of transcription factor genes in striatum by cocaine: Role of both serotonin and dopamine systems","volume":"267","author":"Bhat R. 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