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Our previous work interrogated descending circuits in the brainstem and spinal cord that project to motor and sympathetic targets. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN), a key node of this circuitry, integrates multiple motor and sympathetic responses activated by stress. The present study sought to determine whether descending projections from the PVN to targets in muscle and adrenal gland are differentially organized in rats with inborn differences in emotionality and stress responsivity. We utilized retrograde transsynaptic tract\u2010tracing with unique pseudorabies virus (PRV) recombinants that were injected into sympathectomized gastrocnemius muscle and adrenal gland in two rat models featuring inborn differences in emotional behavior. Our tract\u2010tracing results revealed a significant decrease in the number of PVN neurons with poly\u2010synaptic projections to the gastrocnemius in male Wistar Kyoto [WKY] rats (versus Sprague Dawley rats) and selectively bred Low Novelty Responder [bLR] rats (versus selectively bred High Novelty Responder [bHR] rats). These neuroanatomical differences mirrored behavioral observations showing that both WKY and bLR rats display marked inhibition of emotional motor responses in a variety of settings relative to their respective controls. Our findings suggest that, in male rodents, PVN poly\u2010synaptic projections to skeletal muscle may regulate emotional motor and coping responses to stress. More broadly, perturbations in PVN motor circuitry may play a role in mediating psychomotor disturbances observed in depression or anxiety\u2010related disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,29]],"date-time":"2020-11-29T02:25:30Z","timestamp":1606616730000},"page":"814-826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Inborn differences in emotional behavior coincide with alterations in hypothalamic paraventricular motor projections"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9297-4694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Shupe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Neuroscience Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5857-8791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew E.","family":"Glover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Neuroscience Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keaton A.","family":"Unroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Neuroscience Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) Blacksburg VA USA"},{"name":"Translational Biology, Medicine and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7941-6540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilan A.","family":"Kerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Neuroscience Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) Blacksburg VA USA"},{"name":"Behavioral Service Line Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Health System Pittsburgh PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7158-411X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Clinton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Neuroscience Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech) Blacksburg VA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(93)90116-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.3\/bbandelow"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.09.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibror.2018.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(98)01320-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-19-07446.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02597-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnbeh.2019.00181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1121189X00005558"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acschemneuro.7b00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-7634(98)00007-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3527(01)56004-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2345-05.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.183"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2003.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2010.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2007.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2011.07811.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2016.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000374108"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(97)00028-2"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"The effects of routine cage\u2010changing on cardiovascular and behavioral parameters in male Sprague\u2010Dawley rats","volume":"40","author":"Duke J. 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