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The striatum possesses the highest density of ACh markers in the basal ganglia underlying the importance of ACh in this structure. Striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) are responsible for the bulk of striatal ACh, although extrinsic cholinergic afferents from brainstem structures may also play a role. CINs are tonically active, and synchronized pause in their activity occurs following the presentation of salient stimuli during behavioral conditioning. However, the synaptic mechanisms involved are not fully understood in this physiological response. ACh modulates striatal circuits by acting on muscarinic and nicotinic receptors existing in several combinations both presynaptically and postsynaptically. While the effects of ACh in the striatum through muscarinic receptors have received particular attention, nicotinic receptors function has been less studied. Here, after briefly reviewing relevant results regarding muscarinic receptors expression and function, I will focus on striatal nicotinic receptor expressed presynaptically on glutamatergic and dopaminergic afferents and postsynaptically on diverse striatal interneurons populations. I will also review recent evidence suggesting the involvement of different GABAergic sources in two distinct nicotinic\u2010receptor\u2010mediated striatal circuits: the disynaptic inhibition of striatal projection neurons and the recurrent inhibition among CINs. A better understanding of striatal nicotinic receptors expression and function may help to develop targeted pharmacological interventions to treat brain disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Tourette syndrome, dystonia, or nicotine addiction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T08:56:36Z","timestamp":1612515396000},"page":"2421-2442","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Striatal cholinergic transmission. Focus on nicotinic receptors\u2019 influence in striatal circuits"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6039-816X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maxime","family":"Assous","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Newark NJ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13949"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2019.00204"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)22183-8","article-title":"Muscarinic inhibition as a dominant role in cholinergic regulation of transmission in the caudate nucleus","volume":"246","author":"Akaike A.","year":"1988","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology 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