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These effects may involve changes in the kynurenine pathway (KP) of tryptophan degradation and may provide insights into the pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases. Using CD1 mice, we examined acute and long\u2010term effects of prenatal LPS treatment on the levels of kynurenine and its neuroactive downstream products kynurenic acid (KYNA), 3\u2010hydroxykynurenine (3\u2010HK) and quinolinic acid. To this end, LPS (100\u2009\u03bcg\/kg, i.p.) was administered on gestational day 15, and KP metabolites were measured 4 and 24\u2009h later or in adulthood. After 4\u00a0h, kynurenine, KYNA and 3\u2010HK levels were elevated in the fetal brain, 3\u2010HK and KYNA levels were increased in the maternal plasma, and kynurenine was increased in the maternal brain, whereas no changes were seen in the placenta. These effects were less prominent after 24\u2009h, and prenatal LPS did not affect the basal levels of KP metabolites in the forebrain of adult animals. In addition, a second LPS injection (1\u00a0mg\/kg) in adulthood in the offspring of prenatally saline\u2010 and LPS\u2010treated mice caused a similar elevation in 3\u2010HK levels in both groups after 24\u2009h, but the effect was significantly more pronounced in male mice. Thus, acute immune activation during pregnancy has only short\u2010lasting effects on KP metabolism and does not cause cerebral KP metabolites to be disproportionally affected by a second immune challenge in adulthood. However, prenatal KYNA elevations still contribute to functional abnormalities in the offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15416","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,7]],"date-time":"2021-08-07T07:36:32Z","timestamp":1628321792000},"page":"5968-5981","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A single prenatal lipopolysaccharide injection has acute, but not long\u2010lasting, effects on cerebral kynurenine pathway metabolism in mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8370-4753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca M.","family":"Notarangelo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0486-129X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Schwarcz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-4257(98)80039-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2013.01.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.19-07-02693.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00435"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(92)90256-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881118805492"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11030516"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(01)00360-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13189"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.22024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2016_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2016.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010960812204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-200108000-00011"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.55782\/ane-2011-1868","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide injected to pregnant mice affects behavior of their offspring in adulthood","volume":"71","author":"Chlodzinska N.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis (Wars)"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2144\/05385BM05"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","article-title":"RNAi inhibition of KAT II during postnatal development alters cell generation in the subventricular zone and oliodendrogenesis in the corpus callosum","volume":"457","author":"Clark S. 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