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It is crucial to explore novel neuroprotectants. Dexmedetomidine, a selective\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    2\u2010adrenoceptor agonist, is commonly used for anxiolysis, sedation and analgesia in clinical anaesthesia and critical care. Recent studies have shown that dexmedetomidine exerts protective effects on multiple organs. This review summarized and discussed the current neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine, as well as the underlying mechanisms. In preclinical studies, dexmedetomidine reduced neuronal injury and improved functional outcomes in several models, including hypoxia\u2010induced neuronal injury, ischaemic\u2010reperfusion injury, intracerebral haemorrhage, post\u2010traumatic brain injury, anaesthetic\u2010induced neuronal injury, substance\u2010induced neuronal injury, neuroinflammation, epilepsy and neurodegeneration. Several mechanisms are associated with the neuroprotective function of dexmedetomidine, including neurotransmitter regulation, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, apoptotic pathway, autophagy, mitochondrial function and other cell signalling pathways. In summary, dexmedetomidine has the potential to be a novel neuroprotective agent for a wide range of neurological disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T21:11:59Z","timestamp":1632517919000},"page":"7006-7047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["The potential role of dexmedetomidine on neuroprotection and its possible mechanisms: Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1586-1412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kantarakorn","family":"Unchiti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University  Chiang Mai Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai 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