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The current study examined the engagement of spatial and phonetic processing of visual speech in a motor\u2010oriented speech imitation task. Functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure the haemodynamic activities related to spatial processing and audiovisual integration in the superior parietal lobe (SPL) and the posterior superior\/middle temporal gyrus (pSTG\/pMTG) respectively. In addition, visuo\u2010labial and visuo\u2010lingual speech were compared with examine the influence of visual familiarity and audiovisual association on the processes in question. fNIRS revealed significant activations in the SPL but found no supra\u2010additive audiovisual activations in the pSTG\/pMTG, suggesting that the processing of audiovisual speech stimuli was primarily focused on spatial processes related to action comprehension and preparation, whereas phonetic processes related to audiovisual integration was minimal. Comparisons between visuo\u2010labial and visuo\u2010lingual speech imitations revealed no significant difference in the activation of the SPL or the pSTG\/pMTG, suggesting that a higher degree of visual familiarity and audiovisual association did not significantly influence how visuo\u2010labial speech was processed compared with visuo\u2010lingual speech. The current study offered insights on the pattern of visual\u2010speech processing under a motor\u2010oriented task objective and provided further evidence for the modulation of multimodal speech integration by voluntary selective attention and task objective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T22:43:56Z","timestamp":1638398636000},"page":"154-174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Phonetic versus spatial processes during motor\u2010oriented imitations of visuo\u2010labial and visuo\u2010lingual speech: A functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Tinghao","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CAS Key Laboratory of Human\u2010Machine Intelligence\u2010Synergy Systems Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of 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