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We developed a neural model with key physiological, functional and neuroanatomical parameters to investigate mechanisms underlying the range of representations of visual illusions related to orientation perception in typically developed subjects compared to individuals with ASD. Our results showed that two theorized autistic traits, excitation\/inhibition imbalance and weakening of top\u2010down modulation, could be potential candidates for reduced susceptibility to some visual illusions. Parametric correlation between cortical suppression, balance of excitation\/inhibition, feedback from higher visual areas on one hand and susceptibility to a class of visual illusions related to orientation perception on the other hand provide the opportunity to investigate the contribution and complex interactions of distinct sensory processing mechanisms in ASD. The novel approach used in this study can be used to link behavioural, functional and neuropathological studies; estimate and predict perceptual and cognitive heterogeneity in ASD; and form a basis for the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T23:33:23Z","timestamp":1655249603000},"page":"4246-4265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Visual illusion susceptibility in autism: A neural model"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Sangwook","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computational Neuroscience and Vision Laboratory Boston University  Boston Massachusetts 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