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Strategies that enhance visual performance acquisition make great practical sense. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could be beneficial to VPL, but thus far, the results are inconsistent. The current study had two objectives: (1) to investigate the effect of anodal tDCS on VPL and (2) to determine whether the timing sequence of anodal tDCS and training influences VPL. Anodal tDCS was applied on the left human middle temporal (hMT+) during training on a coherent motion discrimination task (online), anodal tDCS was also applied before training (offline) and sham tDCS was applied during training (sham). The coherent thresholds were measured without stimulation before, 2\u2009days after and 1\u2009month after training. All participants trained for five consecutive days. Anodal tDCS resulted in more performance improvement when applied during daily training but not when applied before training. Additionally, neither within\u2010session improvement nor between\u2010session improvement differed among the online, offline and sham tDCS conditions. These findings contribute to the development of efficient stimulation protocols and a deep understanding of the mechanisms underlying the effect of tDCS on VPL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,13]],"date-time":"2022-12-13T10:59:18Z","timestamp":1670929158000},"page":"479-489","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Anodal online transcranial direct current stimulation facilitates visual motion perceptual learning"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0749-3392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Psychology Air Force Medical University  Xi'an China"},{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Basic Medical School Air Force Medical University  Xi'an 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