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Here, we investigated the effect of repeated combined exposure to 40\u2009Hz synchronized sound and light stimuli on hippocampal long\u2010term potentiation (LTP) in vivo in three rat models of early AD. We employed a very complete model of AD amyloidosis, amyloid precursor protein (APP)\u2010overexpressing transgenic McGill\u2010R\u2010Thy1\u2010APP rats at an early pre\u2010plaque stage, systemic treatment of transgenic APP rats with corticosterone modelling certain environmental AD risk factors and, importantly, intracerebral injection of highly disease\u2010relevant AD patient\u2010derived synaptotoxic beta\u2010amyloid and tau in wild\u2010type animals. We found that daily treatment with 40\u2009Hz sensory stimulation for 2\u2009weeks fully abrogated the inhibition of LTP in all three models. Moreover, there was a negative correlation between the magnitude of LTP and the level of active caspase\u20101 in the hippocampus of transgenic APP animals, which suggests that the beneficial effect of 40\u2009Hz stimulation was dependent on modulation of pro\u2010inflammatory mechanisms. Our findings support ongoing clinical trials of gamma\u2010patterned sensory stimulation in early AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.16129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T07:41:43Z","timestamp":1693554103000},"page":"3402-3411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Gamma\u2010patterned sensory stimulation reverses synaptic plasticity deficits in rat models of early Alzheimer's disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Yin","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience Trinity College  Dublin 2 Ireland"},{"name":"Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University  Zhengzhou 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