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This systematic review intends to extend current knowledge of the impact of C\/PD and deafness duration on brain resting\u2010state networks (RSNs), review changes in RSNs and spoken language outcomes post\u2010cochlear implant (CI) and draw conclusions for future research. The systematic literature search followed the PRISMA guideline. Two independent reviewers searched four electronic databases using combined keywords: \u2018auditory deprivation\u2019, \u2018congenital\/prelingual deafness\u2019, \u2018resting\u2010state functional connectivity\u2019 (RSFC), \u2018resting\u2010state fMRI\u2019 and \u2018cochlear implant\u2019. Seventeen studies (16 cross\u2010sectional and one longitudinal) met the inclusion criteria. Using the Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool, the publications' quality was rated between 65.0% and 92.5% (mean: 84.10%), \u226580% in 13 out of 17 studies. A few studies were deficient in sampling and\/or ethical considerations. According to the findings, early auditory deprivation results in enhanced RSFC between the auditory network and brain networks involved in non\u2010verbal communication, and high levels of spontaneous neural activity in the auditory cortex before CI are evidence of occupied auditory cortical areas with other sensory modalities (cross\u2010modal plasticity) and sub\u2010optimal CI outcomes. Overall, current evidence supports the idea that moreover intramodal and cross\u2010modal plasticity, the entire brain adaptation following auditory deprivation contributes to spoken language development and compensatory behaviours.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.16295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T05:53:48Z","timestamp":1709618028000},"page":"2596-2615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A systematic review of altered resting\u2010state networks in early deafness and implications for cochlear implantation outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Zahra","family":"Jafari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communication Sciences and Disorders (SCSD) Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Dalhousie University  Halifax Nova Scotia 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