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We previously reported that CaMKII\u03b1 is involved in the circadian molecular clock. Mice lacking functional CaMKII\u03b1 (K42R mice) exhibited a gradual increase in activity time (\u03b1 decompression) of running\u2010wheel (RW) activity due to a lengthened circadian period (\u03c4) of activity offset under constant darkness (DD). In the present study, to investigate the functional roles of CaMKII\u03b1 in behavioural rhythms, we measured RW and general movements simultaneously under prolonged DD. Tau became longer as the relative intensity of behaviour activity within an activity time shifted from activity onset towards activity offset. In some K42R mice, \u03b1 was gradually expanded with a marked reduction of RW activity, while general movements persisted without noticeable decline, which was followed by an abrupt shortening of \u03b1 (\u03b1 compression) with differential phase shifts of the activity onset and offset and recovery of RW activity. These results suggest that an internal coupling between the oscillators controlling activity onset and offset is bidirectional but with different strengths. The \u03b1 compression occurred recurrently in 38% of K42R mice examined with an average interval of 37\u2009days in association with attenuation of RW activity but never in the wild\u2010type (WT) mice. Consistent with behavioural rhythms, the circadian period of the PER2::LUC rhythm in the cultured suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) slice was significantly longer in K42R than in WT. These findings are best interpreted by assuming that a loss of functional CaMKII\u03b1 attenuates the coupling between the onset and offset oscillators.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.16316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,4]],"date-time":"2024-04-04T00:55:16Z","timestamp":1712192116000},"page":"3828-3842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A critical role of Ca\n                    <sup>2+<\/sup>\n                    \/calmodulin\u2010dependent protein kinase II in coupling between evening and morning circadian oscillators in the suprachiasmatic nucleus"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4429-2936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoko","family":"Yoshikawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Photonic Bioimaging Section, Research Center for Cooperative Project Hokkaido University Graduate 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