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Enhancing comprehension of the structure and components of the myelin sheath in the PNS during development would contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the developmental and regenerative processes. In this research, the structure of sciatic nerve myelin sheath in C57BL\/6 mice from embryonic day 14 (E14) to postnatal 12\u2009months (12M) was observed with transmission electron microscopy. Myelin structure appeared in the sciatic nerve as early as E14, and the number and thickness of myelin lamellar gradually increased with the development until 12M. Transcriptome analysis was performed to show the expressions of myelin\u2010associated genes and transcriptional factors involved in myelin formation. The genes encoding myelin proteins (\n                    <jats:italic>Mag<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Pmp22<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Mpz<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Mbp<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Cnp<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Prx<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) showed the same expression pattern, peaking at postnatal day 7 (P7) and P28 after birth, whereas the negative regulators of myelination (\n                    <jats:italic>c\u2010Jun<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Tgfb1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Tnc<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Cyr61<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Ngf<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Egr1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Hgf<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Bcl11a<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) showed an opposite expression pattern. In addition, the expression of myelin\u2010associated proteins and transcriptional factors was measured by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The protein expressions of MAG, PMP22, MPZ, CNPase and PRX increased from E20 to P14. The key transcriptional factor c\u2010Jun co\u2010localized with the Schwann cells Marker S100\u03b2 and decreased after birth, whereas Krox20\/Egr2 increased during development. Our data characterized the structure and components of myelin sheath during the early developmental stages, providing insights for further understanding of PNS development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.16457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]],"date-time":"2024-07-01T23:37:25Z","timestamp":1719877045000},"page":"4503-4517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Characterization of sciatic nerve myelin sheath during development in C57BL\/6 mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Yuhan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Medical School, Co\u2010innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair Nantong University  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tongxin","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Medical School, Co\u2010innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair Nantong University  Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Medical School, Co\u2010innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Tissue Engineering Technology Products, Jiangsu Clinical Medicine Center of Tissue Engineering and Nerve Injury Repair Nantong University  Nantong 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