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Nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) is the first relay station in the brain for accepting various visceral afferent activities for regulating cardiovascular activity. However, the roles of chemerin in the NTS in regulating sympathetic activity and blood pressure are almost unknown. This study aimed to determine the role and potential mechanism of chemerin in the NTS in modulating sympathetic outflow and blood pressure. Bilateral NTS microinjections were performed in anaesthetized adult male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats. Renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were continuously recorded. Chemerin and its receptor chemokine\u2010like receptor 1 (CMKLR1) were highly expressed in caudal NTS (cNTS). Microinjection of chemerin\u20109 to the cNTS increased RSNA, MAP and HR, which were prevented by CMKLR1 antagonist \u03b1\u2010NETA, superoxide scavenger tempol or N\u2010acetyl cysteine, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibitors diphenyleneiodonium or apocynin. Chemerin\u20109 increased superoxide production and NADPH oxidase activity in the cNTS. The increased superoxide production induced by chemerin\u20109 was inhibited by \u03b1\u2010NETA. The effects of cNTS microinjection of chemerin\u20109 on the RSNA, MAP and HR were attenuated by the pretreatment with paraventricular nucleus (PVN) microinjection of NMDA receptor antagonist MK\u2010801 rather than AMPA\/kainate receptor antagonist CNQX. These results indicate that chemerin\u20109 in the NTS increases sympathetic outflow, blood pressure and HR via CMKLR1\u2010mediated NADPH oxidase activation and subsequent superoxide production in anaesthetized normotensive rats. Glutamatergic inputs in the PVN are needed for the chemerin\u20109\u2010induced responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.16475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T23:27:18Z","timestamp":1721777238000},"page":"4830-4842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Chemerin in caudal division of nucleus tractus solitarius increases sympathetic activity and blood pressure"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Wen\u2010Yuan","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing Jiangsu 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Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue\u2010Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3132-9592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guo\u2010Qing","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, and Department of Physiology Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing 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