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Here, we aimed to describe post\u2010surgery cognitive decline and identify pre\u2010surgery cognitive profile associated with faster decline in STN DBS\u2010treated PD patients. A retrospective observational study of 126 PD patients treated by STN DBS combined with oral dopaminergic therapy followed for 3.54\u2009years on average (\n                    <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a02.32) with repeated assessments of cognition was conducted. Pre\u2010surgery cognitive profile was obtained via a comprehensive neuropsychological examination and data analysed using exploratory factor analysis and Bayesian generalized linear mixed models. On the whole, we observed a mild annual cognitive decline of 0.90 points from a total of 144 points in the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (95% posterior probability interval [\u22121.19, \u22120.62]) with high inter\u2010individual variability. However, true score changes did not reach previously reported reliable change cut\u2010offs. Executive deficit was the only pre\u2010surgery cognitive variable to reliably predict the rate of post\u2010surgery cognitive decline. On the other hand, exploratory analysis of electrode localization did not yield any statistically clear results. Overall, our data and models imply mild gradual average annual post\u2010surgery cognitive decline with high inter\u2010individual variability in STN DBS\u2010treated PD patients. Nonetheless, patients with worse long\u2010term cognitive prognosis can be reliably identified via pre\u2010surgery examination of executive functions. To further increase the utility of our results, we demonstrate how our models can help with disentangling true score changes from measurement error in future studies of post\u2010surgery cognitive changes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.16521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T05:08:59Z","timestamp":1724994539000},"page":"5764-5784","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Preoperative cognitive profile predictive of cognitive decline after subthalamic deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7817-3978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josef","family":"Mana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5108-0181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ondrej","family":"Bezdicek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"R\u016f\u017ei\u010dka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrej","family":"Lasica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"\u0160m\u00eddov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Klemp\u00ed\u0159ov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1\u0161","family":"Nikolai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tereza","family":"Uhrov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ev\u017een","family":"R\u016f\u017ei\u010dka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Du\u0161an","family":"Urgo\u0161\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stereotactic and Radiation Neurosurgery Na Homolce Hospital  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9732-8947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Jech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague Charles University  Prague Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.22360"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2023.105921"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beck A. 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