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Understanding the characteristics and mechanisms of PNS aging is crucial for preventing and treating related diseases. This study employed single\u2010cell sequencing technology to analyse the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and sciatic nerve (SN) of aging rats, in comparison with adult rats. The research investigated the mechanisms underlying PNS aging and degeneration, revealing the transcriptional profiles of various cell types. Significant differences were observed in the proportion of Schwann cells between the DRG and SN of adult and aged rats. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Gene Ontology (GO) and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that pathways related to neurodegeneration were upregulated in Schwann cells. Additionally, lipid metabolism pathways were upregulated in the SN of aged rats, suggesting that certain lipid signalling molecules may influence cell proliferation. Through further re\u2010clustering of myelinating Schwann cells, six distinct subtypes were identified. The anti\u2010aging protein protocadherin 9 (PCDH9) was preliminarily screened and found to be significantly downregulated with age. In\u00a0vitro experiments confirmed that PCDH9 expression is associated with Schwann cell proliferation and differentiation. By using gene expression analysis and cell type across several age groups, this study offers important insights into the mechanisms of PNS aging and degeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.70129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T04:28:36Z","timestamp":1746246516000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Research on Peripheral Nerve Aging and Degeneration: Cellular Changes and Mechanism Exploration From the Perspective of Single\u2010Cell Sequencing"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Zhuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingcai","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinzhe","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qupeng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maji","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menghan","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Clinical Oncology The Afffliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0722-086X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University  Xuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-021-09921-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2016.04.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2006.04.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022448532248"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1525528113"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ahe.12177"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105952"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00510-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.875407"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32112-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e07-08-0811"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2009.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117744"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.07.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15698\/cst2019.07.192"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac947"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21246-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ctm2.694"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-0716-3052-5_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2012.07.007"},{"issue":"104","key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"COBRE for Skeletal Health and Repair: The Impact of Aging on the Capacity for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration","volume":"2013","author":"Li N. 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