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While OECs have been extensively studied in mammals for their potential in treating nerve injuries, little is known about these cells in non\u2010mammalian vertebrates. We identified and characterized the morphology of OECs, fibroblasts, and macrophages in the olfactory system of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Xenopus laevis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    larvae. Additionally, we used antibodies against phosphorylated ribosomal protein S6 (p\u2010rpS6) to visualize the activation of non\u2010neuronal cells in the olfactory nerve (ON) after transection. Various non\u2010neuronal cells in the ON, including OECs, fibroblasts, and macrophages, showed a transient increase in the p\u2010rpS6 signal following transection. Our study provides the first description of non\u2010neuronal cells populating the ON of larval\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">X. laevis<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    , and it suggests that rpS6 phosphorylation in these cells may be essential after injury and potentially supports regeneration of the ON. These findings contribute to a broader understanding of OECs and their role in nerve regeneration across species.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.70211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T15:25:09Z","timestamp":1754321109000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Olfactory Nerve Transection Transiently Activates Olfactory Ensheathing Cells in\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Xenopus laevis<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Larvae"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6223-770X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melina","family":"Kahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Physiology, Department of Animal Physiology and Molecular Biomedicine Justus\u2010Liebig\u2010University Giessen  Giessen 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