{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T02:48:19Z","timestamp":1788230899235,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]],"date-time":"2025-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J of Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sleep dysfunction (SD) is common in Alzheimer's disease (\n                    <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                    ) and associated with cognitive impairment. The hypothalamus regulates circadian rhythms and exhibits\n                    <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                    pathology; we investigated the abnormal alterations in the structure and function of the hypothalamus in\n                    <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                    patients with sleep dysfunction (\n                    <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                    SD). Twelve ADSD patients, 19\n                    <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                    patients without sleep dysfunction (ADNSD), and 13 age\u2010 and sex\u2010matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent neuropsychological assessments, including the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini\u2010Mental State Examination, and sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Hypothalamic volume and its subregional volumes were derived from T1\u2010weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), whereas resting\u2010state functional MRI was used to assess functional connectivity (FC) with the hypothalamus. We found reduced volumes in the bilateral anterior inferior and left anterior superior hypothalamic subregions in both\n                    <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                    groups compared to HCs. Compared to HCs, the ADNSD group exhibited enhanced hypothalamic FC with the left middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and right inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and reduced FC with right MFG, whereas the ADSD group exhibited enhanced FC with the left MFG and right superior frontal gyrus and reduced FC with right IPL. Furthermore, the\n                    <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                    SD group exhibited reduced FC with the right IPL and enhanced FC with right MFG relative to the ADNSD group. Crucially, within the combined AD cohort, FC with the right IPL was negatively correlated with PSQI, whereas FC with the right MFG was positively correlated. These findings indicate the hypothalamus is a critical target for interventions to improve sleep quality and cognition in\n                    <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.70367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T07:24:20Z","timestamp":1766388260000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Characteristics of Hypothalamic Structural and Functional MRI Changes in Alzheimer's Disease Patients With Sleep Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"62","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7890-3501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liangliang","family":"Bao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Neurology the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University  Nanjing 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