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Chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) mediated degradation of CSPGs is associated with enhanced regenerative potential following SCI. In this study, the molecular responses of Neurocan, NG2 and Phosphacan CSPGs, as well as cellular markers for pro\u2010inflammatory and neuroprotective microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and neurons, were investigated following a single subpial injection of ChABC (0.2\u2009U in 10\u2009\u03bcL) 14\u2009days after thoracic (Th9) spinal cord compression in adult Wistar rats. qRT\u2010PCR of samples from the lesion epicentre and adjacent cranial and caudal segments, 1 and 7\u2009days after treatment, show that ChABC significantly suppressed Neurocan, NG2 and Phosphacan gene expression and reduced astrocytic (GFAP, S100B) and microglial\/macrophage (Iba1, Cx3Cr1) reactivity after 24\u2009h. Although most markers recovered within a week of ChABC delivery, sustained increases were observed for GAP\u201043, particularly in cranial and caudal segments, suggesting the potential regenerative benefits of ChABC. Correlation analyses revealed region\u2010specific interactions between CSPG expression and glial phenotypes. Phosphacan displayed the strongest positive correlation with pro\u2010inflammatory microglial\/macrophage markers (IL\u20101\u03b2, iNOS) and the weakest with neuroprotective markers, suggesting a significant pro\u2010inflammatory role. NG2 was associated with both pro\u2010 and anti\u2010inflammatory markers, indicating a more balanced modulatory role, while Neurocan exhibited stronger correlations with neuroprotective markers. These findings highlight the importance of spatial and temporal context for SCI regenerative therapies targeting glial scar responses and support the therapeutic potential of subpial ChABC delivery for modifying the anti\u2010regenerative inhibitory microenvironment following SCI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.70389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T12:34:07Z","timestamp":1768048447000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Molecular Changes in CSPG and Glial Scar Markers in Response to Subpial Chondroitinase ABC Treatment Following Spinal Cord Injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7923-9791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Kisuck\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurobiology of Biomedical Research Center Slovak Academy of Sciences  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