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The \u03b17 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (\u03b17nAChR) participates in the cholinergic anti\u2010inflammatory pathway and plays a neuroprotective role in the central nervous system. Previously, we showed that protein kinase C activation by phorbol 12\u2010myristate 13\u2010acetate (PMA) treatment for 48\u2009h increases the survival of neonatal rat RGCs by modulating muscarinic receptor levels. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of the selective \u03b17nAChR agonist PNU\u2010282987 in rat retinal cell cultures and analyse whether the activation of this receptor is involved in PMA\u2010mediated RGC survival. Our results showed that \u03b17nAChR inhibition using methyllycaconitine (MLA) abolished the effects of selected cholinergic agonists on RGC survival. We also observed that PNU\u2010282987 regulates TNF\u2010\u03b1 and IL\u20101\u03b2 levels and release. Moreover, PNU\u2010282987 promoted RGC survival, and its neuroprotection was partially mediated by the induction of TNF\u2010\u03b1 and IL\u20101\u03b2 during the initial stages of culture. MLA blocked the effect of PMA (50\u2009ng\/mL) on RGC, whereas PMA slightly increased the \u03b17 subunit levels at 48\u2009h. Further, PMA treatment decreased intracellular TNF\u2010\u03b1 and p\u2010NF\u2010\u03baB p50 levels through \u03b17nAChR activation. In conclusion, we provide evidence that \u03b17nAChR activation leads to the modulation of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines in rat retinal cell cultures, thereby increasing RGC survival. Furthermore, activated \u03b17nAChR enhances PKC activation and increases RGC survival after axotomy, corroborating the role of this receptor in neuroprotection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.70432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T12:09:13Z","timestamp":1771589353000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Role of \u03b17 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor and Protein Kinase C in Rat Retinal Ganglion Cell Survival In\u00a0Vitro"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Renan\u00a0Lyra","family":"Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Neuroci\u00eancias Universidade Federal Fluminense  Niter\u00f3i Rio de Janeiro Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laborat\u00f3rio de Intera\u00e7\u00f5es Neuroqu\u00edmicas, Instituto Biom\u00e9dico, Bloco E Universidade Federal Fluminense  Niter\u00f3i Rio 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