{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:17:52Z","timestamp":1792084672188,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000034","name":"Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Addiction","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000034","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009408","name":"Fondation Brain Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009408","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000196","name":"Canada Foundation for Innovation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009408","name":"Fondation Brain Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009408","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000245","name":"Michael Smith Health Research BC","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008002","name":"Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012479","name":"Weston Brain Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012479","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J of Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective treatment for severe depression but uptake is hindered due to effects on memory and a poor understanding of its mechanisms of action. Hippocampal plasticity is one consequence of ECT that may be related to both the therapeutic and amnestic effects. In animals, electroconvulsive shock (ECS) dramatically increases adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG). However, little is known about how ECS impacts the morphology of adult\u2010born neurons. Moreover, it is unknown whether ECS differentially impacts DG neurons that are born in development versus adulthood. To address these questions, here, we subjected male and female mice to a clinically relevant schedule of chronic ECS and examined effects on DG neuron populations. As predicted, ECS dramatically increased the survival of adult\u2010born DG neurons generated shortly before treatment and the number of immature neurons present after treatment. Adult\u2010born neurons from ECS\u2010treated mice also had longer dendrites and larger presynaptic terminals, suggesting enhanced circuit integration. In contrast, ECS did not affect the survival of neurons born in early postnatal development and it did not alter the structure of their dendrites or presynaptic terminals. Instead, ECS reduced spine density on developmentally born neurons in the dorsal DG and, in the ventral DG, it increased mushroom spine density. Thus, adult\u2010born neurons generally display greater ECS\u2010induced plasticity than developmentally born neurons, which may be relevant for the effects of ECS\/ECT on cognition and mood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.70492","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T01:33:25Z","timestamp":1775784805000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Electroconvulsive Shock Induces Greater Plasticity of Dentate Gyrus Neurons Born in Adulthood Than Those Born in Development"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"T.\u00a0R.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Askari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Likitha","family":"Mallela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Vila\u2010Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Non\u2010Invasive Neurostimulation Therapies Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.\u00a0S.","family":"Snyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"},{"name":"Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988713516542"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01791-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-09-03386.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.19886"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1248903"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf2156"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01641-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7079742"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(85)90257-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10874"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22760"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17114074"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2008.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","unstructured":"Ciric T. S. P.Cahill T.Lin S.Choi andJ. S.Snyder.2026. \u201cThe Dentate Gyrus Grows Throughout Life Despite Turnover of Developmentally\u2010Born Neurons.\u201d bioRxiv."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.1435"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1665-19.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(02)01457-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10675"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.10079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22130"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1321399111"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0316717"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2020.110048"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.12884"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12705-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01310-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2018.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.12.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018472"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10945"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3878-12.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.57.6.581"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr390"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2467"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-24-09104.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000137"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01176-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2024.102653"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2023.04.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005320"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.113086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0710858105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0b013e3181a95da8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-019-0392-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Dentate Gyrus in Depression: Directions for Future Research","volume":"26","author":"Nuninga J. O.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecular Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22351"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2018.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4111-05.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5508-05.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0237-07.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.18.9926"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.20.7795"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of Electroconvulsive Shock on the Function, Circuitry, and Transcriptome of Dentate Gyrus Granule Neurons","author":"Santiago A. N.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2010.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2018.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1768-09.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.6.2423"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10287"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2017.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000630"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0312-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-023-02015-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2156"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1908"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0914613107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.14691"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2010.02170.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00289-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000483"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adg6757"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0253642"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-04678-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5493-11.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.10.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15891"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10082090"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dneu.20986"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ejn.70492","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ejn.70492","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ejn.70492","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T08:25:08Z","timestamp":1782116708000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ejn.70492"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ejn.70492"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejn.70492","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v1\/review3","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1111\/EJN.70492\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0953-816X","1460-9568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-816X","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-9568","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-09","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70492"}}