{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T03:28:14Z","timestamp":1787110094037,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006306","name":"Sigrid Jus\u00e9liuksen S\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006306","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J of Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Humans are especially sensitive to speech sounds even in complex acoustic environments, but it remains unclear whether speech is tracked differently from other meaningful sounds under such conditions. Magnetoencephalography recordings combined with machine learning have revealed that dynamic time\u2010locking of cortical activation to unfolding speech is crucial for encoding its acoustic\u2013phonetic features. Here we investigated whether a similar mechanism for speech encoding operates during concurrent processing of speech and nonspeech sounds. Twenty participants listened to superimposed spoken words and nonspeech environmental sounds while attending to one stream at a time. Using a time\u2010locked decoding model, we reconstructed time\u2010varying acoustic characteristics of attended and ignored sounds from neural responses in each hemisphere. In the left hemisphere, amplitude envelopes of attended spoken words were decoded significantly better than those of attended environmental sounds at 120\u2010 to 200\u2010ms latency between the sound and the cortical activation. No such difference between sound types emerged in the right hemisphere. Furthermore, attention significantly enhanced the decoding of speech sounds in the left hemisphere, suggesting that the observed effects reflect both bottom\u2010up and top\u2010down driven processes. These findings imply that particularly the left hemisphere processes speech sounds in a special, time\u2010locked manner even under adverse auditory conditions. This mechanism may share its neural underpinnings with the previously reported time\u2010locked tracking of speech amplitude envelope by cortical oscillatory activation or by evoked responses to acoustic edges, supporting efficient extraction of speech features in natural\u2010like listening conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.70598","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T09:52:31Z","timestamp":1783072351000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhanced Time\u2010Locked Decoding for Spoken Words but Not Environmental Sounds in Natural\u2010Like Auditory Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"64","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3842-6898","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jesper","family":"Edstr\u00f6m","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering Aalto University  Espoo Finland"},{"name":"BioMag Laboratory, HUS Diagnostic Center Aalto University, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anni","family":"Nora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering Aalto University  Espoo Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oona","family":"Rinkinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering Aalto University  Espoo Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riitta","family":"Salmelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering Aalto University  Espoo Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7589-7826","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna","family":"Renvall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering Aalto University  Espoo Finland"},{"name":"BioMag Laboratory, HUS Diagnostic Center Aalto University, University of Helsinki, and Helsinki University Hospital  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0187\u201008.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.201400998"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2016.2628884"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096\u20101523.27.5.1072"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2019.00028"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","unstructured":"Boersma P. andD.Weenink.2021. \u201cPraat: Doing Phonetics by Computer [Computer Program] (Version 6.1.48).\u201dhttps:\/\/www.fon.hum.uva.nl\/praat\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1486.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000883"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.01.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.1945807"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.705621"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0395"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896\u20106273(00)81138\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.09.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2891\u201020.2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.10.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00297.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1205381109"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00311"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2023.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faisal A. A.Nora J.Seol H.Renvall andR.Salmelin.2015. \u201cKernel Convolution Model for Decoding Sounds From Time\u2010Varying Neural Responses.\u201d 2015 International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in NeuroImaging.49\u201352.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/PRNI.2015.10.","DOI":"10.1109\/PRNI.2015.10"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.10.057"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1998.0396"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3063"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01026.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/72.761722"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kanerva J. andF.Ginter.2014. \u201cPost\u2010Hoc Manipulations of Vector Space Models With Application to Semantic Role Labeling.\u201d Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Continuous Vector Space Models and Their Compositionality (CVSC).1\u201310.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3115\/v1\/W14\u20101501.","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/W14-1501"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2309166120"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3631\u201009.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010019\u201010611\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heares.2014.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.11.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2007.03.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1741\u20102560\/12\/4\/046007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0475\u201019.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2048\u201023.2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1663\u201022.2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht355"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2015.04.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23273798.2018.1506589"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs118"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1121\/1.412282"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167\u20106393(02)00107\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460\u20109568.2012.08060.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.15504"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2018.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2014.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2008.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014465"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1523266113"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.04.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/51\/7\/008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1730\u201015.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2020.557534"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.855\u20102014.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.04.199"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.12.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1009358"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ejn.70598","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ejn.70598","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ejn.70598","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T02:51:44Z","timestamp":1787107904000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ejn.70598"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ejn.70598"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ejn.70598","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0953-816X","1460-9568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0953-816X","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-9568","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70598"}}