{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T15:36:40Z","timestamp":1790177800693,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]],"date-time":"2017-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004963","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["265171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["265171"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004963","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FZT 118"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FZT 118"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Humans require multiple services from ecosystems, but it is largely unknown whether trade\u2010offs between ecosystem functions prevent the realisation of high ecosystem multifunctionality across spatial scales. Here, we combined a comprehensive dataset (28 ecosystem functions measured on 209 forest plots) with a forest inventory dataset (105,316 plots) to extrapolate and map relationships between various ecosystem multifunctionality measures across Europe. These multifunctionality measures reflected different management objectives, related to timber production, climate regulation and biodiversity conservation\/recreation. We found that trade\u2010offs among them were rare across Europe, at both local and continental scales. This suggests a high potential for \u2018win\u2010win\u2019 forest management strategies, where overall multifunctionality is maximised. However, across sites, multifunctionality was on average 45.8\u201049.8% below maximum levels and not necessarily highest in protected areas. Therefore, using one of the most comprehensive assessments so far, our study suggests a high but largely unrealised potential for management to promote multifunctional forests.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,15]],"date-time":"2017-11-15T21:06:36Z","timestamp":1510779996000},"page":"31-42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":119,"title":["Continental mapping of forest ecosystem functions reveals a high but unrealised potential for forest multifunctionality"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Fons","family":"van der Plas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Sciences University of Bern Altenbergrain 21 3013 Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Senckenberg Gesellschaft f\u00fcr Naturforschung Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt Germany"},{"name":"Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity University of Leipzig Johannisallee 21\u201023 04103 Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia","family":"Ratcliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity University of Leipzig Johannisallee 21\u201023 04103 Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paloma","family":"Ruiz\u2010Benito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological and Environmental Sciences School of Natural Sciences University of Stirling FK9 4LA Stirling UK"},{"name":"Grupo de Ecolog\u00eda y Restauraci\u00f3n Forestal Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad de Alcal\u00e1 Edificio de Ciencias, Campus Universitario 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Scherer\u2010Lorenzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biology, Geobotany University of Freiburg Sch\u00e4nzlestr. 1 79104 Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kris","family":"Verheyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest &amp; Nature Lab Ghent University Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267 B\u20109090 Melle\u2010Gontrode Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Wirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity University of Leipzig Johannisallee 21\u201023 04103 Leipzig Germany"},{"name":"German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle\u2010Jena\u2010Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5E 04103 Leipzig Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel A.","family":"Zavala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Ecolog\u00eda y Restauraci\u00f3n Forestal Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida Universidad de Alcal\u00e1 Edificio de Ciencias, Campus Universitario 28805 Alcal\u00e1 de Henares Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evy","family":"Ampoorter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest &amp; Nature Lab Ghent University Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267 B\u20109090 Melle\u2010Gontrode Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lander","family":"Baeten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forest &amp; Nature Lab Ghent University Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267 B\u20109090 Melle\u2010Gontrode Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Barbaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOGECO INRA, Univ. 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