{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:46:06Z","timestamp":1791848766477,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]],"date-time":"2018-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001722","name":"Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ref.KNAW\u201005\u2010PP\u201035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ref.KNAW\u201005\u2010PP\u201035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001722","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INCO\u2010CT\u20102006\u2010031714"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INCO\u2010CT\u20102006\u2010031714"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["INCO\u2010CT\u20102006\u2010032436"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["INCO\u2010CT\u20102006\u2010032436"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ecology Letters"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ecological theory suggests that co\u2010infecting parasite species can interact within hosts directly, via host immunity and\/or via resource competition. In mice, competition for red blood cells (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    s) between malaria and bloodsucking helminths can regulate malaria population dynamics, but the importance of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBC<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    competition in human hosts was unknown. We analysed infection density (i.e. the concentration of parasites in infected hosts), from a 2\u2010year deworming study of over 4000 human subjects. After accounting for resource\u2010use differences among parasites, we find evidence of resource competition, priority effects and a competitive hierarchy within co\u2010infected individuals. For example reducing competition via deworming increased\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium vivax<\/jats:italic>\n                    densities 2.8\u2010fold, and this effect is limited to bloodsucking hookworms. Our ecological, resource\u2010based perspective sheds new light into decades of conflicting outcomes of malaria\u2013helminth co\u2010infection studies with significant health and transmission consequences. Beyond blood, investigating within\u2010human resource competition may bring new insights for improving human health.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.12919","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,8]],"date-time":"2018-02-08T02:02:34Z","timestamp":1518055354000},"page":"536-545","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Competing for blood: the ecology of parasite resource competition in human malaria\u2013helminth co\u2010infections"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Sarah A.","family":"Budischak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton NJ USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aprilianto E.","family":"Wiria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia Jakarta Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Firdaus","family":"Hamid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin University Makassar Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda J.","family":"Wammes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology Erasmus MC Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria M. 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