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Using a global database covering 142 communities across ten terrestrial biomes, we examined canopy effects on taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity at global and local scales, quantified with Hill numbers (\n                    <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090, 1, 2) to weight rare, common, and dominant species. Globally, canopy microsites hosted five times more exclusive species and over three times more evolutionary history than open ground. Locally, canopies buffered aridity's negative effects, sustaining higher diversity. For\n                    <jats:italic>q<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091, open ground had higher diversity under low aridity, but under dry conditions canopies promoted rare, stress\u2010sensitive species alongside dominants. These patterns show that canopy plants act as microrefugia, preserving both species richness and evolutionary history, highlighting their critical role as guardians of plant diversity under increasing climatic aridity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ele.70447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T21:00:06Z","timestamp":1787691606000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Canopy Plants Safeguard the Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Diversity of Recruiting Plants Worldwide"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4178-6703","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"Gleiser","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Desertificaci\u00f3n (CIDE\u2010CSIC) Carretera de Moncada\u2010N\u00e1quera Km 4.5  Moncada Valencia Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (INIBIOMA) Universidad Nacional del Comahue\u2010CONICET  San Carlos de Bariloche R\u00edo Negro Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8003-7844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. M.","family":"Alc\u00e1ntara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Animal, Biolog\u00eda Vegetal y Ecolog\u00eda Universidad de Ja\u00e9n  Ja\u00e9n Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0108-6411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Bascompte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of Zurich  Zurich Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6859-4234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J. L.","family":"Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda del Suelo y Sistemas Simbi\u00f3ticos Estaci\u00f3n Experimental del Zaid\u00edn (EEZ\u2010CSIC)  Granada Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4656-0321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Montesinos\u2010Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Desertificaci\u00f3n (CIDE\u2010CSIC) Carretera de Moncada\u2010N\u00e1quera Km 4.5  Moncada Valencia Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9719-3037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G. 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