{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T20:36:24Z","timestamp":1789763784302,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,1]],"date-time":"2013-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1380585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate prospectively the changes and possible associations in lipid and thyroid profiles in children treated with oxcarbazepine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OXC<\/jats:styled-content>) monotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum total cholesterol (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TC<\/jats:styled-content>), high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C), low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C), triglycerides (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>s), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], free thyroxine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FT<\/jats:styled-content>4), free triiodothyronine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FT<\/jats:styled-content>3), thyrotropin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSH<\/jats:styled-content>) and gamma\u2010glutamyltransferase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GGT<\/jats:styled-content>) concentrations were measured in 23 children with epilepsy, before and at 8 and 18\u2005months of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OXC<\/jats:styled-content> monotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Total cholesterol was significantly increased at 8\u2005months (<jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.033), whereas <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C was significantly increased at 8 and 18\u2005months (<jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20050.001 and <jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.004, respectively) of treatment. Lp(a) was significantly increased at 8\u2005months (<jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.042) and borderline significantly increased at 18\u2005months (<jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.050) of treatment. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FT<\/jats:styled-content>4 was significantly decreased at 8 and 18\u2005months (<jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20050.001 and <jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.002, respectively), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSH<\/jats:styled-content> levels were significantly increased at 8 and 18\u2005months (<jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.002 and <jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.001, respectively) of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OXC<\/jats:styled-content> monotherapy. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GGT<\/jats:styled-content> levels were significantly increased at 8 and 18\u2005months (<jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u20050.001) of treatment. There were no significant alterations in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HDL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TG<\/jats:styled-content>s and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FT<\/jats:styled-content>3 levels during the study. Significant positive correlations were found between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GGT<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C levels at 8 (<jats:italic>r\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.468, <jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.024) and 18\u2005months (<jats:italic>r\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.498, <jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.016), and between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TSH<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TC<\/jats:styled-content> at 18\u2005months (<jats:italic>r\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.508, <jats:italic>P\u2005<\/jats:italic>=\u20050.013) of treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>OXC monotherapy may cause significant and persistent alterations in lipid and thyroid profiles in children with epilepsy. The increase in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LDL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TC<\/jats:styled-content> levels may be associated with liver enzymes induction and thyroid dysfunction. Further long\u2010term prospective studies are required to confirm these findings and to determine their clinical significance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T01:33:19Z","timestamp":1381541599000},"page":"118-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Lipid profile and thyroid hormone concentrations in children with epilepsy treated with oxcarbazepine monotherapy: a prospective long\u2010term study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Garoufi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Pediatrics University of Athens \u2018Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou\u2019 Children's Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Koemtzidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Pediatrics University of Athens \u2018Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou\u2019 Children's Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Katsarou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology \u2018Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou\u2019 Children's Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Dinopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Pediatrics University of Athens \u2018Attikon\u2019 Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Kalimeraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Pediatrics University of Athens \u2018Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou\u2019 Children's Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Fotinou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hormonological Laboratory \u2018Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou\u2019 Children's Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Drakatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry \u2018Panagiotis and Aglaia Kyriakou\u2019 Children's Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Attilakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Pediatrics University of Athens \u2018Attikon\u2019 Hospital Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310050664"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2003.44802.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150070111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0887-8994(01)00279-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2004.26003.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb01792.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01535.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.braindev.2011.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380001500217"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2007.02456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00821.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280057"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540070040028","article-title":"Elevated plasma lipoprotein (a) and coronary heart disease in men aged 55\u00a0years and younger. A prospective study","volume":"276","author":"Bostom AG","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(00)80041-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000197872"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e328355cd6c"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-004-0054-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.3.588"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2011.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2840-10-106"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114158"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2007.335"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fene.12262","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.12262","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T02:20:32Z","timestamp":1696299632000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.12262"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.12262"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.12262","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2013-04-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-08-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2013-10-01","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}