{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T10:54:53Z","timestamp":1774608893661,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,6]],"date-time":"2014-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent studies found that microembolic signals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MES<\/jats:styled-content>s) could be detected by transcranial Doppler in patients with moyamoya disease. However, the clinical significance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MES<\/jats:styled-content>s in moyamoya disease remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate whether the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MES<\/jats:styled-content>s could predict cerebral ischaemic events in patients with moyamoya disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010four consecutive patients with moyamoya disease were recruited. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MES<\/jats:styled-content>s were monitored by transcranial Doppler for 30\u00a0min in the bilateral middle cerebral arteries of each patient on admission. Patients were followed up for 1\u00a0year. The primary end\u2010point was cerebral ischaemic events including stroke and transient ischaemic attack (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MES<\/jats:styled-content>s were detected in 11 (20.4%) patients, with a frequency of 11 (10.2%) in 108 hemispheres. Logistic regression analysis revealed that previous ischaemic events within 3\u00a0months were associated with the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MES<\/jats:styled-content>s (odds ratio\u00a04.41, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.11\u201317.59). During a median follow\u2010up of 384\u00a0days, 14 (13.0%) hemispheres had ischaemic events (seven strokes and seven <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content>s). Cox regression showed that the hazard ratio for the risk of new ischaemic stroke and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TIA<\/jats:styled-content> in the hemispheres with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MES<\/jats:styled-content>s was 6.84 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.82\u201325.66) compared with those without, and 10.61 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.66\u201367.70) for ischaemic stroke alone, after controlling for age, sex, presence of ischaemic events at baseline, Suzuki stages and revascularization surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients with moyamoya disease, the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MES<\/jats:styled-content>s is associated with recent ischaemic symptoms and independently predicts cerebral ischaemic events. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MES<\/jats:styled-content> detection may be of potential clinical value in the management of patients with moyamoya disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,6]],"date-time":"2014-03-06T14:47:20Z","timestamp":1394117240000},"page":"785-790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Microembolic signals predict cerebral ischaemic events in patients with moyamoya disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery 307 Hospital PLA Center for Cerebral Vascular Disease Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.\u2010H.","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y.\u2010Q.","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery 307 Hospital PLA Center for Cerebral Vascular Disease Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.\u2010Y.","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Peking Union Medical College 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