{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T09:11:09Z","timestamp":1784020269018,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,29]],"date-time":"2014-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1396051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evidence suggests that elevated thyroid function and elevated levels of thyroid autoantibodies are associated with risk of moyamoya disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content>). Therefore a meta\u2010analysis of all available evidence was performed, including unpublished data from our own center, in order to assess this association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Major literature databases were reviewed without language restrictions to identify studies examining the association between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content> and thyroid function or thyroid autoantibodies. These data were combined with those from our own prospective study. This study involved consecutively recruited patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content> and two groups of age\u2010matched control patients: patients with non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content> stroke and healthy individuals. The groups were compared in terms of serum triiodothyronine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>3), thyroxine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>4), free <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>4, free <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>3, thyroid stimulating hormone, anti\u2010thyroperoxidase antibody and anti\u2010thyroglobulin antibody.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our prospective study involved 28 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content>, 28 age\u2010matched patients with non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content> stroke and 28 age\u2010matched healthy control participants. The results showed an association between risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content> and elevated thyroid autoantibodies [odds ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>) 9.00, 95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) 1.03\u201378.94] but not between risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content> and elevated thyroid function (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 5.87, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.64\u201353.93). Meta\u2010analysis of our data with findings from the literature further supported the association with elevated thyroid autoantibodies (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 8.77, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 4.45\u201317.29) and indicated an association with elevated thyroid function (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 9.74, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 2.18\u201343.49).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evidence strongly suggests that elevated thyroid autoantibodies and elevated thyroid function are independently associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content>. These clinical variables may require regular monitoring in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMD<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,29]],"date-time":"2014-03-29T13:37:03Z","timestamp":1396100223000},"page":"996-1001","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Association of moyamoya disease with thyroid autoantibodies and thyroid function: a case\u2212control study and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Clinical Research Unit Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Clinical Research Unit Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University Sichuan China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Human Disease Biotherapy and Ministry of Education West China Hospital Sichuan University Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Clinical Research Unit Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Clinical Research Unit Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Clinical Research Unit Department of Neurology West China Hospital Sichuan University Sichuan China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Human Disease Biotherapy and Ministry of Education West China Hospital Sichuan University Sichuan 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