{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T18:16:48Z","timestamp":1782757008814,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,20]],"date-time":"2014-12-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004063","name":"Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004063","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The AFA foundation"},{"name":"the Swedish Association for Persons with Neurological Disabilities"},{"name":"The Swedish brain foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001861","name":"the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001861","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"The Swedish Medical Research Council"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The possible interaction between adolescent obesity and past infectious mononucleosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>) was investigated with regard to multiple sclerosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>) risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This report is based on two population\u2010based case\u2013control studies, one with incident cases (1780 cases, 3885 controls) and one with prevalent cases (4502 cases, 4039 controls). Subjects were categorized based on adolescent body mass index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>) and past <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content> and compared with regard to occurrence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> by calculating odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>s) employing logistic regression. A potential interaction between adolescent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> and past <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content> was evaluated by calculating the attributable proportion due to interaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Regardless of human leukocyte antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>) status, a substantial interaction was observed between adolescent obesity and past <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content> with regard to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> risk. The interaction was most evident when <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content> after the age of 10 was considered (attributable proportion due to interaction 0.8, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.6\u20131.0 in the incident study, and attributable proportion due to interaction 0.7, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.5\u20131.0 in the prevalent study). In the incident study, the odds ratio of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> was 14.7 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 5.9\u201336.6) amongst subjects with adolescent obesity and past <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content> after the age of 10, compared with subjects with none of these exposures. The corresponding odds ratio in the prevalent study was 13.2 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 5.2\u201333.6).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>An obese state both impacts the cellular immune response to infections and induces a state of chronic immune\u2010mediated inflammation which may contribute to explain our finding of an interaction between adolescent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content> and past <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>. Measures taken against adolescent obesity may thus be a preventive strategy against <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12620","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,20]],"date-time":"2014-12-20T09:49:22Z","timestamp":1419068962000},"page":"578","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Obesity interacts with infectious mononucleosis in risk of multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"A. 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