{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:26:27Z","timestamp":1767651987711},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]],"date-time":"2015-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422230400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Writer's cramp (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WC<\/jats:styled-content>) is a focal task\u2010specific dystonia of the hand which is increasingly being accepted as a network disorder. Non\u2010invasive cortical stimulation using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (r<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content>) has produced therapeutic benefits in some of these patients. This study aimed to visualize the motor network abnormalities in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WC<\/jats:styled-content> and also its rTMS induced modulations using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsf<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nineteen patients with right\u2010sided <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WC<\/jats:styled-content> and 20 matched healthy controls (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content>s) were prospectively evaluated. All patients underwent a single session of r<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content> and rsf<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> was acquired before (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>1) and after (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>2) r<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content>. Seed\u2010based functional connectivity analysis of several regions in the motor network was performed for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HC<\/jats:styled-content>s, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>2 using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SPM<\/jats:styled-content>8 software. Thresholded (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05, false discovery rate corrected) group level mean correlation maps were used to derive significantly connected region of interest pairs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Writer's cramp showed a significant reduction in resting state functional connectivity in comparison with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HCs<\/jats:styled-content> involving the left cerebellum, thalamus, globus pallidus, putamen, bilateral supplementary motor area, right medial prefrontal lobe and right post central gyrus. After r<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content> there was a significant increase in the contralateral resting state functional connectivity through the left thalamus\u2212right globus pallidus\u2212right thalamus\u2212right prefrontal lobe network loop.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is concluded that WC is a network disorder with widespread dysfunction much larger than clinically evident and changes induced by r<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content> probably act through subcortical and trans\u2010hemispheric unaffected connections. Longitudinal studies with therapeutic r<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content> will be required to ascertain\u00a0whether such information could be used to select patients prior to r<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMS<\/jats:styled-content> therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12653","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,27]],"date-time":"2015-01-27T04:48:03Z","timestamp":1422334083000},"page":"796","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["<scp>R<\/scp>epetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation induced modulations of resting state motor connectivity in writer's cramp"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"R. D.","family":"Bharath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B. B.","family":"Biswal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. V.","family":"Bhaskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Gohel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Newark NJ USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Jhunjhunwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. K.","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. K.","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore Karnataka India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl355"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2006.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25532"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","first-page":"163","article-title":"Dysfunction of dopaminergic pathways in dystonia","volume":"94","author":"Perlmutter JS","year":"2004","journal-title":"Adv Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52014-2.00039-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2006.04.072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10073"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)74865-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2008.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21464"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.24944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2007.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22814"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-009-0045-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150170263"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21626"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.1234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000266591.49624.1a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2009.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199907)46:1<22::AID-ANA6>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.49.4.1054"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.9.1765"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Imaging studies in focal dystonias: a systems level approach to studying a systems level disorder","volume":"11","author":"Blood AJ","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199711100-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-013-0277-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22825"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","first-page":"73","article-title":"Repetitive TMS of the somatosensory cortex improves writer's cramp and enhances cortical activity","volume":"31","author":"Havrankova P","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.25029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh665"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jht.2008.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21250"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr224"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.07.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1444.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4097-05.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","first-page":"55","article-title":"Lasting effects of repeated rTMS application in focal hand dystonia","volume":"27","author":"Borich M","year":"2009","journal-title":"Restor Neurol Neurosci"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fene.12653","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.12653","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T21:03:11Z","timestamp":1695502991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.12653"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.12653"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.12653","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-07-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-11-17","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-01-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}