{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:46:26Z","timestamp":1787496386177,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1436832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"Singapore National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IRG 10nov086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRG 10nov086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"Singapore National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CSA\/047\/2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSA\/047\/2012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"\n Background and purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n Anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b antibodies have been found in patients with Miller Fisher syndrome as well as its related conditions. Our aim was to identify the mechanism by which autoantibodies produce various clinical presentations in \u2018anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b antibody syndrome\u2019.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Immunoglobulin G antibodies to ganglioside complex (\n GSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) of\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b or\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a with\n GM<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1,\n GD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a,\n GD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b or\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b were tested in sera from patients with anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b (\n n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 708) or anti\u2010\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a (\n n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 696) IgG antibodies. Optical densities of the single anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b or anti\u2010\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a antibodies were used as reference (100%), and those of anti\u2010\n GSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n antibodies were expressed in percentages to reference. The relationships between anti\u2010\n GSC<\/jats:styled-content>\n antibody reactivity and the corresponding clinical features were assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Ophthalmoplegia and hypersomnolence were significantly associated with complex\u2010attenuated anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b and anti\u2010\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a antibodies. Ataxia was associated with\n GD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b\u2010 and\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b\u2010enhanced anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b antibodies or\n GM<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1\u2010enhanced anti\u2010\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a antibodies. Bulbar palsy was associated with\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b\u2010enhanced anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b antibodies. Neck weakness was associated with\n GD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a\u2010enhanced anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b antibodies. Arm weakness was associated with\n GD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b\u2010enhanced anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b and\n GD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a\u2010enhanced anti\u2010\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a antibodies. Leg weakness was associated with\n GD<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a\u2010enhanced anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b and anti\u2010\n GT<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1a antibodies.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n Differences in fine specificity of anti\u2010\n GQ<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1b antibodies are associated with clinical features, possibly due to the different expression of gangliosides in different parts of the nervous system.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,14]],"date-time":"2015-07-14T19:18:29Z","timestamp":1436901509000},"page":"320-326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Anti\u2010\n GQ<\/scp>\n 1b antibody syndrome: anti\u2010ganglioside complex reactivity determines clinical spectrum"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Fukami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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