{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T10:55:52Z","timestamp":1759056952681},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,9]],"date-time":"2015-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007359","name":"Fondazione Banco di Sardegna","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infectious mononucleosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>) caused by Epstein\u2013Barr virus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content>) has been associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>). However, the mechanism linking these pathologies is unclear. Different reports indicate the association of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content>, and recently <jats:italic>Mycobacterium avium<\/jats:italic> subsp<jats:italic>. paratuberculosis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>), with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content>. For a better understanding of the role of these pathogens, the host response induced by selected antigenic peptides in subjects with a history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content> that significantly increases the risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both humoral and cell\u2010mediated response against peptides able to induce a specific immune activation in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> patients deriving from lytic and latent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content> antigens <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BOLF<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:sub>305\u2212320<\/jats:sub>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBNA<\/jats:styled-content>1<jats:sub>400\u2212413<\/jats:sub>, from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP MAP<\/jats:styled-content>_4027<jats:sub>18\u221232<\/jats:sub>, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>_0106c<jats:sub>121\u2212132<\/jats:sub> and from human proteins <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRF<\/jats:styled-content>5<jats:sub>424\u2212434<\/jats:sub> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MBP<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>85\u221298<\/jats:sub> in subjects with current and past <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content> were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBNA<\/jats:styled-content>1 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content>_0106c peptides were able to induce a humoral immune response in subjects with a history of clinical <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content> in an independent manner. Moreover, these peptides were capable of inducing pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine interferon \u03b3 by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+ and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>8+ T lymphocytes and interleukin 6 and tumour necrosis factor \u03b1 by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>14+ monocyte cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results highlight that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EBV<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAP<\/jats:styled-content> may be involved independently in the same causal process leading to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MS<\/jats:styled-content> in subjects with a history of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,10]],"date-time":"2015-10-10T09:27:06Z","timestamp":1444469226000},"page":"140-147","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Immune response induced by Epstein\u2013Barr virus and <i>Mycobacterium avium<\/i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis<\/i> peptides in current and past infectious mononucleosis: a risk for multiple sclerosis?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Mameli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Madeddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases University of Sassari Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Cossu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Galleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine University of Sassari Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Manetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine University of Sassari Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Babudieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases University of Sassari Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. Stella","family":"Mura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Infectious Diseases University of Sassari Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"Sechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Sassari Sassari Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200009283431307"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-010-9201-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-010-0940-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012496"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI32377"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2014.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458514557304"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511410515"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2011.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12294"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458512449682"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511408991"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70196-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e328362004d"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/ern.13.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e3283542cf8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513477926"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2013.07.017"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Neurology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fene.12821","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ene.12821","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T05:44:06Z","timestamp":1696225446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ene.12821"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,9]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ene.12821"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ene.12821","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1351-5101","1468-1331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1351-5101","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-1331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-01-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-06-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-10-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}