{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T05:42:51Z","timestamp":1778132571678,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,25]],"date-time":"2015-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"Background and purpose<\/jats:title>For many years deep brain stimulation (DBS<\/jats:styled-content>) devices relied only on voltage\u2010controlled stimulation (CV<\/jats:styled-content>), but recently current\u2010controlled devices have been developed and approved for new implants as well as for replacement of CV<\/jats:styled-content> devices after battery drain. Constant\u2010current (CC<\/jats:styled-content>) stimulation has been demonstrated to be effective in new implanted parkinsonian and dystonic patients, but the effect of switching to CC<\/jats:styled-content> therapy in patients chronically stimulated with CV<\/jats:styled-content> implantable pulse generators (IPG<\/jats:styled-content>s) has not been assessed. This report shows the results of a consecutive retrospective data collection performed at five Italian centers before and after replacement of constant\u2010voltage with constant\u2010current DBS<\/jats:styled-content> devices, in order to verify the clinical efficacy and safety of this procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Nineteen patients with Parkinson's disease or dystonic syndrome underwent DBS IPG CV<\/jats:styled-content>\/CC<\/jats:styled-content> replacement. Clinical features and therapy satisfaction were assessed before surgery, 1\u00a0week after and 3 and 6\u00a0months after replacement. Programming settings and impedances were recorded before removing the CV<\/jats:styled-content> device and when the CC IPG<\/jats:styled-content>s were switched on.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The clinical outcome of CC<\/jats:styled-content> stimulation was similar to that obtained with CV<\/jats:styled-content> devices and remained stable at 3 and 6\u00a0months of follow\u2010up. Impedance values recorded for CV<\/jats:styled-content> and CC IPG<\/jats:styled-content>s were similar. Ninety\u2010five percent of patients and physicians were satisfied with mixed implants. No adverse events occurred after IPG<\/jats:styled-content> replacement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Replacing CV<\/jats:styled-content> with CC IPG<\/jats:styled-content>s is a safe and effective procedure. Longer follow\u2010up is necessary to better clarify the impact of CC<\/jats:styled-content> stimulation on clinical outcome after chronic stimulation in CV<\/jats:styled-content> mode.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,26]],"date-time":"2015-10-26T03:58:59Z","timestamp":1445831939000},"page":"190-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Switching from constant voltage to constant current in deep brain stimulation: a multicenter experience of mixed implants for movement disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Preda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Az. Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria Arcispedale Sant'Anna Cona Ferrara Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Cavandoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Az. Ospedaliera San Gerardo Monza Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Lettieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Az. Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria Santa Maria della Misericordia \u2013 P. le Santa Maria della Misericordia Udine Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Pilleri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale San Camillo Lido di Venezia Venezia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Antonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale San Camillo Lido di Venezia Venezia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Eleopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Az. 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