{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:15:43Z","timestamp":1791278143309,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,31]],"date-time":"2015-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1446249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content>) studies have demonstrated a significant reduction of neuromelanin in the substantia nigra (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SN<\/jats:styled-content>) of Parkinson's disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>) patients with high accuracy for differential diagnosis compared to non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> controls and essential tremor. However, studies state that not knowing how paramagnetic effects of iron influence neuromelanin signal is a limitation. In this study a neuromelanin\u2010sensitive <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> sequence was combined with T2* relaxometry iron quantification analysis to study the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SN<\/jats:styled-content> of early\u2010stage <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> patients to investigate the correlation between these parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The inclusion criteria were untreated <jats:italic>de novo <\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> patients and a 2\u20135 year disease duration (early <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>); in addition, age\u2010matched controls were enrolled. These were studied at 3.0 T with a high\u2010resolution T1\u2010weighted <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> sequence to visualize neuromelanin and a relaxometry sequence for iron quantification. The primary outcome was the correlation of the width of the neuromelanin high signal region and the T2* values in the lateral, central and medial segments of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SN<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Very weak correlations of T2* values with neuromelanin width, positive for global and negative for the medial and lateral <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SN<\/jats:styled-content> segments, were found in both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> groups and control subjects. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SN<\/jats:styled-content> neuromelanin width was markedly reduced in the <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic> and early <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> groups compared with controls in all <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SN<\/jats:styled-content> segments, but no significant difference in T2* values was found between the groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SN<\/jats:styled-content> neuromelanin signal does not have a significant correlation with iron content in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> patients or controls. The neuromelanin <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MR<\/jats:styled-content> signal reduction in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> does not seem to be significantly influenced by paramagnetic iron effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12838","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,31]],"date-time":"2015-10-31T08:13:48Z","timestamp":1446279228000},"page":"368-374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Magnetic resonance correlation of iron content with neuromelanin in the substantia nigra of early\u2010stage Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Reim\u00e3o","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurological Imaging Department Hospital de Santa Maria \u2212 Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte Lisbon Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology Unit Instituto de Medicina Molecular Faculty of Medicine University of Lisbon Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biof\u00edsica e Engenharia Biom\u00e9dica Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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