{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T14:36:25Z","timestamp":1777646185235,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background and purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sleep\u2010onset rapid eye movement (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">REM)<\/jats:styled-content> period (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOREMP<\/jats:styled-content>), the hallmark of narcolepsy, may be a specific state and not the simple anticipation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">REM<\/jats:styled-content> sleep.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed the electroencephalographic spectral content in untreated patients with narcolepsy type 1 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>1) during the sleep\u2010onset period (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOP<\/jats:styled-content>) and during nocturnal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">REM<\/jats:styled-content> sleep in two consecutive nocturnal recordings from 31 patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>1 (mean age 34 \u00b1 15 years, 18 males) and a single nocturnal recording from 36 controls (mean age 38 \u00b1 13 years, 21 males).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">The SOP<\/jats:styled-content> was defined as the first 10 min starting at the beginning of the first epoch of any sleep stage, and further divided into two consecutive 5\u2010min periods (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102); 1 min of artifact\u2010free quiet wakefulness after lights\u2010off was identified as well as 5 min of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">REM<\/jats:styled-content> sleep in the middle of the night and another 5 min during the last <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">REM<\/jats:styled-content> sleep period. Electroencephalographic spectral analysis was performed using the C3\/A2 channel.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">The SOP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and, more strikingly, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 had significantly less delta and sigma activity in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>1 in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOREMP<\/jats:styled-content> condition versus both controls and patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>1 without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOREMP<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 also showed less theta and alpha activity. Conversely, sigma and beta activity were more represented during <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOREMP<\/jats:styled-content> compared with the nocturnal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">REM<\/jats:styled-content> period in patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NT<\/jats:styled-content>1.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysis of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOP<\/jats:styled-content> supports the concept that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOREMP<\/jats:styled-content> is a different state compared with both nocturnal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">REM<\/jats:styled-content> sleep and non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">REM<\/jats:styled-content> sleep 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