{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T23:52:25Z","timestamp":1790639545170,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,23]],"date-time":"2016-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013R1A1A2058612"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013R1A1A2058612"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF\u20102014M3C7A1046050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF\u20102014M3C7A1046050"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Euro J of Neurology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"\n Background and purpose<\/jats:title>\n \n We investigated changes in deep gray matter (\n DGM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) volume and its relationship to cognition and clinical factors in a large cohort of patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (\n NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and compared them with results from multiple sclerosis (\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Brain magnetic resonance imaging (3 Tesla) and clinical data from 91 patients with\n NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , 52 patients with\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and 44 healthy controls (\n HCs<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) were prospectively evaluated. Differences in\n DGM<\/jats:styled-content>\n volumes were compared among groups. The relationships between\n DGM<\/jats:styled-content>\n atrophy and clinical variables were also analysed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Patients with\n NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n exhibited significantly reduced thalamic volumes compared with\n HCs<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.029), although this atrophy was less severe than that seen in patients with\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001).\n DGM<\/jats:styled-content>\n atrophy was restricted to the thalamus in\n NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , but it was broadly distributed in\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Patients with\n NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n with cognitive impairment (\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) exhibited more severe thalamic atrophy than those with cognitive preservation (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.017) and\n HCs<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.003), whereas patients with\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n with\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n revealed\n DGM<\/jats:styled-content>\n atrophy across the entire structure, with the exception of the bilateral pallidum, left hippocampus and amygdala, relative to\n HCs<\/jats:styled-content>\n . The Expanded Disability Status Scale score was correlated with thalamic atrophy in both\n NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Patients with\n NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n with brain lesions demonstrated more severe thalamic atrophy than did those without brain lesions and\n HCs<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n The DGM<\/jats:styled-content>\n atrophy was less severe and more selectively distributed in\n NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n than in\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Thalamic atrophy was associated with clinical disability, including\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n , in both\n NMOSD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n MS<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,24]],"date-time":"2016-12-24T20:22:12Z","timestamp":1482610932000},"page":"437-445","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Deep gray matter atrophy in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"J.\u2010W.","family":"Hyun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Hanyang University Seoul"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Hanyang University Seoul"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.\u2010J.","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Joung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biometric Research Branch Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010M.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Hanyang University Seoul"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.\u2010H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center Goyang"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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